Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan | |
|---|---|
| Motto: لا إله إلا الله، محمد رسول الله Lā ʾilāha ʾillā llāh, Muhammadun rasūlu llāh "There is no god but God; Muhammad is the messenger of God." (Shahadah) | |
| Anthem: دا د باتورانو کور Dā Də Bātorāno Kor "This Is the Home of the Brave"[2] | |
| Status | UN member state under an unrecognized government |
| Capital and largest city | Kabul 34°31′N 69°11′E / 34.517°N 69.183°ECoordinates: 34°31′N 69°11′E / 34.517°N 69.183°E[3] |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2009) | |
| Demonym(s) | Afghan[b][11][12] |
| Government | Unitary totalitarian[13] provisional theocratic Islamic emirate[14] |
| Hibatullah Akhundzada | |
| Hasan Akhund (acting) | |
| Abdul Hakim Ishaqzai | |
| Legislature | Leadership Council[15] |
| Formation | |
| 1709–1738 | |
| 1747–1823 | |
• Emirate | 1823–1839 |
| 1839–1842 | |
| 1842–1926 | |
| 27 May 1863 | |
| 26 May 1879 | |
| 19 August 1919 | |
• Kingdom | 9 June 1926 |
• Republic | 17 July 1973 |
| 27–28 April 1978 | |
| 28 April 1992 | |
| 27 September 1996 | |
| 26 January 2004 | |
| 15 August 2021 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 652,867[16] km2 (252,073 sq mi) (40th) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 38,346,720[17] (37th) |
• Density | 48.08/km2 (124.5/sq mi) (174th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $72.911 billion[18] (96th) |
• Per capita | $2,024[18] (169th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $21.657 billion[18] (111st) |
• Per capita | $493[18] (177th) |
| HDI (2021) | low · 180th |
| Currency | Afghani (افغانی) (AFN) |
| Time zone | UTC+4:30 Lunar Calendar[21] (Afghanistan Time) |
| DST is not observed[22] | |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +93 |
| ISO 3166 code | AF |
| Internet TLD | .af افغانستان. |
Republic of Albania Republika e Shqipërisë (Albanian) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Ti Shqipëri, më jep nder, më jep emrin Shqipëtar "You Albania, give me honour, you give me the name Albanian" | |
| Anthem: "Himni i Flamurit" "Hymn to the Flag" | |
| Capital and largest city | Tirana 41°19′N 19°49′E / 41.317°N 19.817°E |
| Official languages | Albanian |
| Recognised minority languages | |
| Religion (2020) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Albanian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Bajram Begaj | |
| Edi Rama | |
| Lindita Nikolla | |
| Legislature | Kuvendi |
| Establishment history | |
| 1190 | |
| February 1272 | |
| 1368 | |
| 2 March 1444 | |
| 1515 | |
| 1757/1787 | |
• Proclamation of independence from the Ottoman Empire | 28 November 1912 |
| 29 July 1913 | |
| 31 January 1925 | |
| 1 September 1928 | |
| 11 January 1946 | |
| 28 December 1976 | |
• 4th Republic of Albania | 29 April 1991 |
| 28 November 1998 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 28,748 km2 (11,100 sq mi) (140th) |
• Water (%) | 4.7 |
| Population | |
• January 2022 estimate | |
• 2011 census | 2,821,977[3] |
• Density | 97/km2 (251.2/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 67th |
| Currency | Lek (ALL) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +355 |
| ISO 3166 code | AL |
| Internet TLD | .al |
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria | |
|---|---|
| Motto: بالشعب وللشعب ("By the people and for the people")[1][2] | |
| Anthem: Kassaman (English: "We Pledge") | |
Location of Algeria (dark green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Algiers 36°42′N 3°13′E / 36.700°N 3.217°E |
| Official languages | |
| Other languages | Algerian Arabic (Darja) (lingua araba) French[3][a] (lingua franca) |
| Ethnic groups | [4] |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Algerian |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
| Abdelmadjid Tebboune | |
| Aymen Benabderrahmane | |
| Salah Goudjil | |
| Ibrahim Boughali | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Council of the Nation | |
| People's National Assembly | |
| Formation | |
| 202 BC | |
| 42 | |
| 430 | |
| 477 | |
| 757 | |
| 776 | |
| 786 | |
| 972 | |
| 1014 | |
| 1235 | |
| 1516 | |
| 1832 | |
| 5 July 1830 | |
| 5 July 1962 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,381,741 km2 (919,595 sq mi) (10th) |
• Water (%) | 1.1 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 44,700,000[5] (32nd) |
• Density | 17.7/km2 (45.8/sq mi) (168th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2011) | 27.6[7][8] low |
| HDI (2021) | high · 91st |
| Currency | Algerian dinar (DZD) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +213 |
| ISO 3166 code | DZ |
| Internet TLD | .dz الجزائر. |
Principality of Andorra[1] Principat d'Andorra (Catalan) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Virtus Unita Fortior (Latin) "United virtue is stronger"[2] | |
| Anthem: El Gran Carlemany (Catalan) "The Great Charlemagne" | |
| Capital and largest city | Andorra la Vella 42°30′23″N 1°31′17″E / 42.50639°N 1.52139°E |
| Official languages | Catalan[1][a] |
| Ethnic groups (2017[3]) |
|
| Religion | Christianity (Catholicism) |
| Demonym(s) | Andorran |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional elective diarchy |
| Xavier Espot Zamora | |
| Roser Suñé Pascuet | |
| Legislature | General Council |
| Independence | |
• from Aragon | 8 September 1278[6][7] |
• from the French Empire | 1814 |
| 2 February 1993 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 467.63 km2 (180.55 sq mi) (178th) |
• Water (%) | 0.26 (121.4 ha)[b] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• Density | 179.8/km2 (465.7/sq mi) (71st) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | US$3.400 billion[10] |
• Per capita | $41,930 |
| Gini (2003) | 27.21[c] low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 40th |
| Currency | Euro (€)[d] (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+01 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right[13] |
| Calling code | +376 |
| ISO 3166 code | AD |
| Internet TLD | .ad[e] |
Republic of Angola | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Motto:
| |||||||
| Anthem: "Angola Avante" (English: "Onwards Angola") | |||||||
| Capital and largest city | Luanda 8°50′S 13°20′E / 8.833°S 13.333°E | ||||||
| Official language | Portuguese | ||||||
| National languages | |||||||
| Ethnic groups (2021)[1] | |||||||
| Religion (2020)[2] |
| ||||||
| Demonym(s) | |||||||
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic | ||||||
| João Lourenço | |||||||
| Esperança da Costa[3] | |||||||
| Legislature | National Assembly | ||||||
| Formation | |||||||
| 11 November 1975 | |||||||
| 22 November 1976 | |||||||
| 21 January 2010 | |||||||
| Area | |||||||
• Total | 1,246,700 km2 (481,400 sq mi) (22nd) | ||||||
• Water (%) | negligible | ||||||
| Population | |||||||
• 2022 estimate | 34,795,287[4] (42nd) | ||||||
• 2014 census | 25,789,024[5] | ||||||
• Density | 24.97/km2 (64.7/sq mi) (157th) | ||||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate | ||||||
• Total | |||||||
• Per capita | |||||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate | ||||||
• Total | |||||||
• Per capita | |||||||
| Gini (2018) | 51.3[7] high | ||||||
| HDI (2021) | medium · 146th | ||||||
| Currency | Angolan kwanza (AOA) | ||||||
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) | ||||||
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy | ||||||
| Driving side | right | ||||||
| Calling code | +244 | ||||||
| ISO 3166 code | AO | ||||||
| Internet TLD | .ao | ||||||
| |||||||
Antigua and Barbuda | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Each Endeavouring, All Achieving" | |
| Anthem: "Fair Antigua, We Salute Thee" | |
| Capital and largest city | St. John's 17°7′N 61°51′W / 17.117°N 61.850°W |
| Vernacular language | Antiguan and Barbudan |
| Working language | English[2] |
| Ethnic groups (2011[3]) |
|
| Religion (2020[4]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Antiguan and Barbudan Antiguan Barbudan |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Sir Rodney Williams | |
| Gaston Browne | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Formation | |
• Union | 23 September 1859[5] |
• Annexation of Redonda | 26 March 1872 |
• Parish Boundaries Act | 17 December 1873[6] |
| 27 February 1967 | |
• Independence | 1 November 1981 |
| Area | |
• Total | 440 km2 (170 sq mi) (182nd) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 100,772[7] (182nd) |
• 2011 census | 84,816 |
• Density | 186/km2 (481.7/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $2.731 billion (196th) |
• Per capita | $29,298[8] (94th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $1.717 billion (193rd) |
• Per capita | $18,416[8] (75th) |
| Gini | high |
| HDI (2019) | high · 78th |
| Currency | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
| Time zone | UTC-4 (AST) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +1-268 |
| ISO 3166 code | AG |
| Internet TLD | .ag |
Website ab | |
Argentine Republic[A] República Argentina (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
Motto:
| |
| Anthem: Himno Nacional Argentino ("Argentine National Anthem") | |
| Sol de Mayo[2] (Sun of May) | |
Argentine territory in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled territory in light green. | |
| Capital and largest city | Buenos Aires 34°36′S 58°23′W / 34.600°S 58.383°W |
| Official languages | Spanish[a] |
| Recognized regional languages | |
| Religion (2022)[7] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Federal presidential constitutional republic |
| Alberto Fernández | |
| Cristina Fernández de Kirchner | |
| Agustín Rossi | |
| Cecilia Moreau | |
| Horacio Rosatti | |
| Legislature | National Congress |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Independence from Spain | |
| 25 May 1810 | |
• Declared | 9 July 1816 |
| 1 May 1853 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,780,400 km2 (1,073,500 sq mi)[B] (8th) |
• Water (%) | 1.57 |
| Population | |
• 2022 census | |
• Density | 14.4/km2 (37.3/sq mi)[8] (214th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 47th |
| Currency | Argentine peso ($) (ARS) |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (ART) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | right[b] |
| Calling code | +54 |
| ISO 3166 code | AR |
| Internet TLD | .ar |
Republic of Armenia Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Մեկ Ազգ, Մեկ Մշակույթ Mek Azg, Mek Mshakuyt "One Nation, One Culture" | |
| Anthem: Մեր Հայրենիք Mer Hayrenik "Our Fatherland" | |
Location of Armenia | |
| Capital and largest city | Yerevan 40°11′N 44°31′E / 40.183°N 44.517°ECoordinates: 40°11′N 44°31′E / 40.183°N 44.517°E |
| Official languages | Armenian[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2011) | |
| Religion | Christianity (Armenian Apostolic Church)[4] |
| Demonym(s) | Armenian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Vahagn Khachaturyan | |
| Nikol Pashinyan | |
| Alen Simonyan | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Establishment | |
| 6th century BC | |
| 321 BC–428 AD | |
| 190 BC | |
| 52–428 | |
| 885–1045 | |
| 1198–1375 | |
| 28 May 1918 | |
| 29 November 1920 | |
| 23 September 1991 | |
| 21 December 1991 | |
| 2 March 1992 | |
| 5 July 1995 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 29,743 km2 (11,484 sq mi) (138th) |
• Water (%) | 4.71[8] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 3,000,756[9] (138th) |
• Density | 101.5/km2 (262.9/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | low |
| HDI (2021) | high · 85th |
| Currency | Dram (֏) (AMD) |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (AMT) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +374 |
| ISO 3166 code | AM |
| Internet TLD | |
Website www | |
Commonwealth of Australia | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Advance Australia Fair[N 1] | |
Commonwealth of Australia, including the Australian territorial claim in the Antarctic | |
| Capital | Canberra 35°18′29″S 149°07′28″E / 35.30806°S 149.12444°E |
| Largest city | Sydney |
| Official languages | None at the federal level |
| National language | English[N 2] |
| Religion (2021)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| David Hurley | |
| Anthony Albanese | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Federation and Constitution | 1 January 1901 |
| 9 October 1942 (with effect from 3 September 1939) | |
| 3 March 1986 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 7,692,024 km2 (2,969,907 sq mi) (6th) |
• Water (%) | 1.79 (2015)[6] |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | |
• 2021 census | 25,890,773[8] |
• Density | 3.4/km2 (8.8/sq mi) (192nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 5th |
| Currency | Australian dollar ($) (AUD) |
| Time zone | UTC+8; +9.5; +10 (Various[N 3]) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+8; +9.5; +10; +10.5; +11 (Various[N 3]) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy yyyy-mm-dd[12] |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +61 |
| ISO 3166 code | AU |
| Internet TLD | .au |
Republic of Austria Republik Österreich (German) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Bundeshymne der Republik Österreich "National Anthem of the Republic of Austria" | |
Location of Austria (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Vienna 48°12′N 16°21′E / 48.200°N 16.350°E |
| Official language | German[a][b] |
| Official regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2020)[3] | |
| Religion (2021)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Austrian |
| Government | Federal parliamentary republic[5] |
| Alexander Van der Bellen | |
| Karl Nehammer | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Federal Council | |
| National Council | |
| Formation | |
• Name | 1 November 996 |
• Duchy | 17 September 1156 |
| 6 January 1453 | |
• Empire | 11 August 1804 |
| 30 March 1867 | |
| 12 November 1918 | |
| 10 September 1919 | |
| 1 May 1934 | |
| 12 March 1938 | |
| 27 April 1945 | |
| 27 July 1955 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 83,871 km2 (32,383 sq mi) (113th) |
• Water (%) | 0.84 (2015)[6] |
| Population | |
• April 2022 estimate | |
• Density | 107.6/km2 (278.7/sq mi) (106th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 25th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy[citation needed] |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +43 |
| ISO 3166 code | AT |
| Internet TLD | .at |
Republic of Azerbaijan Azərbaycan Respublikası (Azerbaijani) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Azərbaycan marşı "March of Azerbaijan" | |
Location of Azerbaijan (green) with territory controlled by the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh shown in light green.[a] | |
| Capital and largest city | Baku 40°23′43″N 49°52′56″E / 40.39528°N 49.88222°E |
| Official languages | Azerbaijani[1] |
| Minority languages | See full list |
| Ethnic groups (2009[2]) | |
| Religion (2021[b]) |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic[5] |
| Ilham Aliyev | |
| Mehriban Aliyeva | |
| Ali Asadov | |
| Sahiba Gafarova | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Formation | |
| 28 May 1918 | |
| 28 April 1920 | |
• Independence from Soviet Union |
|
• Constitution adopted | 12 November 1995 |
| Area | |
• Total | 86,600 km2 (33,400 sq mi) (112th) |
• Water (%) | 1.6 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 10,353,296[6] (90th) |
• Density | 117/km2 (303.0/sq mi) (99th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2008) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 91st |
| Currency | Manat (₼) (AZN) |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (AZT) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +994 |
| ISO 3166 code | AZ |
| Internet TLD | .az |
Kingdom of Bahrain | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: بحريننا Baḥraynunā Our Bahrain | |
Location of Bahrain (in green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Manama 26°13′N 50°35′E / 26.217°N 50.583°E |
| Official languages | Arabic[1] |
| Recognised languages | English[2][3] |
| Ethnic groups (2020)[4] | |
| Religion (2020)[5] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Bahraini |
| Government | Unitary Islamic parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy |
• King | Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa |
• Crown Prince and Prime Minister | Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Consultative Council | |
| Council of Representatives | |
| Establishment | |
| 1783 | |
• Declared Independence[6] | 14 August 1971 |
• Independence from United Kingdom[7] | 15 August 1971 |
| 21 September 1971 | |
| 14 February 2002 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 786.5[8] km2 (303.7 sq mi) (173rd) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 1,463,265[9][10] (149th) |
• 2020 census | 1,501,635[4] |
• Density | 1,864/km2 (4,827.7/sq mi) (6th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 35th |
| Currency | Bahraini dinar (BHD) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (AST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +973 |
| ISO 3166 code | BH |
| Internet TLD | .bh |
Website bahrain | |
| |
People's Republic of Bangladesh
| |
|---|---|
| Anthem: "Amar Sonar Bangla" (Bengali) "My Golden Bengal" | |
| Official Seal of the Government of Bangladesh | |
| Capital and largest city | Dhaka 23°45′50″N 90°23′20″E / 23.76389°N 90.38889°E |
| Official language and national language | Bengali[4] |
| Ethnic groups (2022[8]) | |
| Religion | |
| Demonym(s) | Bangladeshi |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party parliamentary republic |
| Mohammad Abdul Hamid | |
| Sheikh Hasina | |
| Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury | |
| Hasan Foez Siddique | |
| Legislature | Jatiya Sangsad |
| Independence from Pakistan | |
• Declared | 26 March 1971 |
| 16 December 1971 | |
| 16 December 1972 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 148,460[10] km2 (57,320 sq mi) (92nd[10]) |
• Water (%) | 6.4 |
• Land area | 130,170 km2[10] |
• Water area | 18,290 km2[10] |
| Population | |
• 2023 census | 169,828,911[11] (8th) |
• Density | 1,106/km2 (2,864.5/sq mi) (7th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 129th |
| Currency | Taka (৳) (BDT) |
| Time zone | UTC+6 (BST) |
| Date format | dd-mm-yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +880 |
| ISO 3166 code | BD |
| Internet TLD | .bd .বাংলা |
Barbados | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Pride and Industry" | |
| Anthem: "In Plenty and In Time of Need" | |
| Capital and largest city | Bridgetown 13°05′52″N 59°37′06″W / 13.09778°N 59.61833°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Vernacular language | Bajan |
| Ethnic groups (2010[1]) | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Sandra Mason | |
| Mia Mottley | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Assembly | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Part of the West Indies Federation | 3 January 1958 – 31 May 1962 |
| 30 November 1966 | |
| 7 December 1966 | |
• Joined CARICOM at the Treaty of Chaguaramas | 1 August 1973 |
| 30 November 2021 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 439 km2 (169 sq mi) (183rd) |
• Water (%) | Negligible |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 281,635[2] (174th) |
• 2010 census | 277,821[3] |
• Density | 660/km2 (1,709.4/sq mi) (17th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| HDI (2021) | high · 70th |
| Currency | Barbadian dollar ($) (BBD) |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (AST) |
| Driving side | left[6] |
| Calling code | +1 -246 |
| ISO 3166 code | BB |
| Internet TLD | .bb |
Republic of Belarus
| |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Дзяржаўны гімн Рэспублікі Беларусь (Belarusian) Dziaržaŭny Himn Respubliki Biełaruś Государственный гимн Республики Беларусь (Russian) Gosudarstvennyy gimn Respubliki Belarus "State Anthem of the Republic of Belarus" | |
| Capital and largest city | Minsk 53°55′N 27°33′E / 53.917°N 27.550°E |
| Official languages | |
| Recognized minority languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2019)[1] |
|
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Belarusian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic under an authoritarian dictatorship[3][4] |
| Alexander Lukashenko (disputed)[5][6] | |
| Roman Golovchenko[7] | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Council of the Republic | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Formation | |
| 987 | |
| 10th century | |
| 1236 | |
| 9 March 1918 | |
| 25 March 1918 | |
| 27 July 1990 | |
• Independence from USSR | 25 August 1991 |
| 15 March 1994 | |
| 8 December 1999 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 207,595 km2 (80,153 sq mi) (84th) |
• Water (%) | 1.4% (2.830 km2 or 1.093 sq mi)b |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 9,255,524[8] (96th) |
• Density | 45.8/km2 (118.6/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 60th |
| Currency | Belarusian ruble (BYN) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK[12]) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +375 |
| ISO 3166 code | BY |
| Internet TLD | |
Website belarus.by | |
| |
Kingdom of Belgium | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Eendracht maakt macht (Dutch) L'union fait la force (French) Einigkeit macht stark (German) (English: "Unity makes strength") | |
| Anthem: La Brabançonne (English: "The Brabantian") | |
Location of Belgium (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Brussels 50°51′N 4°21′E / 50.850°N 4.350°E |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2022[1]) | |
| Religion (2019[2]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy[3] |
• Monarch | Philippe |
| Alexander De Croo | |
| Legislature | Federal Parliament |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Representatives | |
| Independence from the Netherlands | |
• Declared | 4 October 1830 |
| 19 April 1839 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 30,528[4] km2 (11,787 sq mi) (136th) |
• Water (%) | 0.71 (2015)[5] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• Density | 376/km2 (973.8/sq mi) (22nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 13th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +32 |
| ISO 3166 code | BE |
| Internet TLD | .be |
| |
Belize | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Sub umbra floreo (Latin) "Under the shade I flourish" | |
| Anthem: "Land of the Free" | |
Location of Belize (dark green) in the Americas | |
| Capital | Belmopan 17°15′N 88°46′W / 17.250°N 88.767°W |
| Largest city | Belize City 17°29′N 88°11′W / 17.483°N 88.183°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Vernacular language | Belizean Creole |
| Regional and minority languages | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2020)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Belizean |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Dame Froyla Tzalam | |
| Johnny Briceño | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| January 1964 | |
• Independence | 21 September 1981 |
| Area | |
• Total | 22,966 km2 (8,867 sq mi)[4][5] (147th) |
• Water (%) | 0.8 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 441,471[6] (168th) |
• Density | 17.79/km2 (46.1/sq mi) (169th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2013) | 53.1[8] high |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 123rd |
| Currency | Belize dollar (BZD) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST (GMT-6)[10]) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +501 |
| ISO 3166 code | BZ |
| Internet TLD | .bz |
Republic of Benin | |
|---|---|
Motto:
| |
Anthem:
| |
Location of Benin (dark green) | |
| Capital | Porto-Novoa |
| Largest city | Cotonou |
| Official languages | French |
| National languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2013 census[1]) | |
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Patrice Talon | |
| Mariam Chabi Talata | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence | |
• Republic of Dahomey established | 11 December 1958 |
• from France | 1 August 1960 |
| Area | |
• Total | 114,763 km2 (44,310 sq mi)[3] (100th) |
• Water (%) | 0.4% |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 13,754,688[4] (74th) |
• Density | 94.8/km2 (245.5/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $29.918 billion[5] (137th) |
• Per capita | $2,552[5] (163rd) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $11.386 billion[5] (141st) |
• Per capita | $971[5] (163rd) |
| Gini (2015) | high |
| HDI (2021) | low · 166th |
| Currency | West African CFA franc (XOF) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +229 |
| ISO 3166 code | BJ |
| Internet TLD | .bj |
| |
Kingdom of Bhutan | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: འབྲུག་ཙན་དན་ Druk Tsenden "The Thunder Dragon Kingdom" | |
| Capital and largest city | Thimphu 27°28.0′N 89°38.5′E / 27.4667°N 89.6417°E |
| Official languages | Dzongkha |
| Religion | |
| Demonym(s) | Bhutanese |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy |
| Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck | |
| Lotay Tshering | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| National Council | |
| National Assembly | |
| Formation | |
• Unification of Bhutan | 1616–1634 |
• Period of Desi administration | 1650–1905 |
• Start of the Wangchuck dynasty | 17 December 1907 |
| 8 August 1949 | |
| 21 September 1971 | |
| 18 July 2008 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 38,394 km2 (14,824 sq mi)[3][4] (133rd) |
• Water (%) | 1.1 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 777,486[5][6] (165th) |
• 2022 census | 727,145[7] |
• Density | 19.3/km2 (50.0/sq mi) (162nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $9.8 billion[8] (166th) |
• Per capita | $12,970[8] (95th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $2.6 billion[8] (178th) |
• Per capita | $3,144[8] (124th) |
| Gini (2017) | 37.4[9] medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 127th |
| Currency | Ngultrum (BTN) Indian rupee (₹) (INR) |
| Time zone | UTC+06 (BTT) |
| Date format | YYYY-MM-DD |
| Driving side | left[11] |
| Calling code | +975 |
| ISO 3166 code | BT |
| Internet TLD | .bt |
| |
Plurinational State of Bolivia | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Himno Nacional de Bolivia (Spanish) "National Anthem of Bolivia" | |
| Dual flag: Wiphala[1][2][3] | |
Location of Bolivia (dark green) in South America (gray) | |
| Capital | La Paz (executive and legislative) Sucre (constitutional and judicial) |
| Largest city | Santa Cruz de la Sierra 17°48′S 63°10′W / 17.800°S 63.167°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Co-official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2009[4][better source needed]) |
|
| Religion (2018)[5] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Bolivian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Luis Arce | |
| David Choquehuanca | |
| Andrónico Rodríguez | |
| Jerges Mercado Suárez | |
| Legislature | Plurinational Legislative Assembly |
| Chamber of Senators | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Independence from Spain | |
• Declared | 6 August 1825 |
• Recognized | 21 July 1847 |
| 7 February 2009 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,098,581 km2 (424,164 sq mi) (27th) |
• Water (%) | 1.29 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 12,054,379[6] (79th) |
• Density | 10.4/km2 (26.9/sq mi) (224th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 118th |
| Currency | Boliviano (BOB) |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (BOT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +591 |
| ISO 3166 code | BO |
| Internet TLD | .bo |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Državna himna Bosne i Hercegovine Државна химна Босне и Херцеговине "National Anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina" | |
Location of Bosnia and Herzegovina (green) in Europe (dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Sarajevo[1] 43°52′N 18°25′E / 43.867°N 18.417°E |
| Official languages | [a] |
| Writing system | |
| Ethnic groups (2013)[2] | |
| Religion (2013 census)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | [4][5][6] |
| Government | Federal parliamentary[6] directorial republic |
| Christian Schmidt[b] | |
| Željka Cvijanović | |
| Željko Komšić Denis Bećirović | |
| Borjana Krišto | |
| Legislature | Parliamentary Assembly |
| House of Peoples | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Establishment history | |
| 10th century | |
| 1154 | |
| 1377 | |
| 1463 | |
| 1878 | |
| 1 December 1918 | |
• ZAVNOBiH | 25 November 1943 |
• SR Bosnia and Herzegovina within SFR Yugoslavia | 29 November 1945 |
• Independence from Yugoslavia | 3 March 1992 |
| 18 March 1994 | |
| 14 December 1995 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 51,129 km2 (19,741 sq mi) (125th) |
• Water (%) | 1.4% |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | |
• 2013 census | 3,531,159[2] |
• Density | 69/km2 (178.7/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2015) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 74th |
| Currency | Convertible mark (BAM) |
| Time zone | UTC+01 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02 (CEST) |
| Date format | d. m. yyyy. (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +387 |
| ISO 3166 code | BA |
| Internet TLD | .ba |
| |
Republic of Botswana Lefatshe la Botswana (Tswana) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Pula "Rain" | |
| Anthem: Fatshe leno la rona "Blessed Be This Noble Land" | |
| Capital and largest city | Gaborone 24°39.5′S 25°54.5′E / 24.6583°S 25.9083°E |
| Official languages | English[1] |
| National language | Setswana[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2012[2]) | |
| Religion (2021) |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary dominant-party parliamentary republic with an executive presidency[4][5] |
| Mokgweetsi Masisi[6] | |
| Slumber Tsogwane | |
| Phandu Skelemani | |
| Legislature | Parliament (National Assembly) |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Established (Constitution) | 30 September 1966 |
| Area | |
• Total | 581,730 km2 (224,610 sq mi)[7] (47th) |
• Water (%) | 2.7 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 2,384,246[8] (145th) |
• 2022 census | 2,359,609 [9] |
• Density | 4.1/km2 (10.6/sq mi) (231st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2015) | high |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 117th |
| Currency | Pula (BWP) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (Central Africa Time[13]) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +267 |
| ISO 3166 code | BW |
| Internet TLD | .bw |
Website www | |
Federative Republic of Brazil República Federativa do Brasil (Portuguese) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Ordem e Progresso (Portuguese) "Order and Progress" | |
| Anthem: Hino Nacional Brasileiro (Portuguese) "Brazilian National Anthem" | |
National Seal
| |
| Capital | Brasília 15°47′S 47°52′W / 15.783°S 47.867°W |
| Largest city | São Paulo 23°33′S 46°38′W / 23.550°S 46.633°W |
| Official language and national language | Portuguese |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Brazilian |
| Government | Federal presidential constitutional republic |
| Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva | |
| Geraldo Alckmin | |
| Arthur Lira | |
| Rodrigo Pacheco | |
| Rosa Weber | |
| Legislature | National Congress |
| Federal Senate | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Independence from Portugal | |
• Declared | 7 September 1822 |
| 29 August 1825 | |
• Republic | 15 November 1889 |
| 5 October 1988 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 8,515,767 km2 (3,287,956 sq mi) (5th) |
• Water (%) | 0.65 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 217,240,060[5] (7th) |
• Density | 25/km2 (64.7/sq mi) (193rd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | high |
| HDI (2021) | high · 87th |
| Currency | Real (R$) (BRL) |
| Time zone | UTC−2 to −5 (BRT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +55 |
| ISO 3166 code | BR |
| Internet TLD | .br |
Brunei Darussalam
| |
|---|---|
Motto:
| |
Anthem:
| |
| Capital and largest city | Bandar Seri Begawan 4°53.417′N 114°56.533′E / 4.890283°N 114.942217°E |
| Official language and national language | Malay[1] |
| Other languages
and local dialects[3][4] |
|
| Official scripts | |
| Ethnic groups (2021)[5] | |
| Religion (2016)[5] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Bruneian |
| Government | Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy |
• Sultan and Prime Minister | Hassanal Bolkiah |
• Crown Prince and Senior Minister | Al-Muhtadee Billah |
| Legislature | none[a] |
| Formation | |
| c. 1368 | |
| 15th–19th century | |
| 17 September 1888 | |
| 1941–1945 | |
• Independence from the United Kingdom | 1 January 1984 |
| 7 January 1984 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 5,765 km2 (2,226 sq mi) (164th) |
• Water (%) | 8.6 |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 460,345[9] (175th) |
• 2016 census | 417,256 |
• Density | 72.11/km2 (186.8/sq mi) (134th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 51st |
| Currency | Brunei dollar (BND) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (Brunei Darussalam Time) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +673[c] |
| ISO 3166 code | BN |
| Internet TLD | .bn[12] |
| |
Republic of Bulgaria Република България Republika Bǎlgariya | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Sǎedinenieto pravi silata ("Unity makes strength") | |
| Anthem: Мила Родино Mila Rodino ("Dear Motherland") | |
Location of Bulgaria (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Sofia 42°41′N 23°19′E / 42.683°N 23.317°ECoordinates: 42°41′N 23°19′E / 42.683°N 23.317°E |
| Official languages | Bulgarian[1] |
| Official script | Cyrillic |
| Ethnic groups (2021)[2] |
|
| Religion (2021)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Rumen Radev | |
| Iliana Iotova | |
| Galab Donev | |
| Vezhdi Rashidov | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Establishment history | |
| 681–1018 | |
| 1185–1396 | |
| 3 March 1878 | |
• Independence from the Ottoman Empire | 5 October 1908 |
• Monarchy abolished | 15 September 1946 |
| 15 November 1990 | |
• Joined the European Union | 1 January 2007 |
| June 2004 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 110,993.6[3] km2 (42,854.9 sq mi) (103rd) |
• Water (%) | 2.16[4] |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | |
• Density | 63/km2 (163.2/sq mi) (154th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 68th |
| Currency | Lev (BGN) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +359 |
| ISO 3166 code | BG |
| Internet TLD | |
Burkina Faso 𞤄𞤵𞤪𞤳𞤭𞤲𞤢 𞤊𞤢𞤧𞤮 (Fula) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Unité–Progrès–Justice" (French) ("Unity–Progress–Justice") | |
| Anthem: "Une Seule Nuit" / "Ditanyè" (French) ("One Single Night" / "Hymn of Victory") | |
| Capital and largest city | Ouagadougou 12°22′N 1°32′W / 12.367°N 1.533°W |
| Official languages | French |
| Recognised national languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2010 est.)[1] | |
| Religion (2019 Census)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Burkinabè |
| Government | Unitary state under a military junta[3] |
| Ibrahim Traoré | |
| Apollinaire Joachim Kyélem de Tambèla | |
| Legislature | Transitional Legislative Assembly |
| History | |
• Republic of Upper Volta proclaimed | 11 December 1958 |
• Independence from France | 5 August 1960 |
| 3 January 1966 | |
| 28 October – 3 November 2014 | |
| 23–24 January 2022 | |
| 30 September 2022 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 274,200 km2 (105,900 sq mi) (74th) |
• Water (%) | 0.146% |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 21,935,389[4] (59th) |
• 2019 census | 20,505,155[5] |
• Density | 64/km2 (165.8/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $58.8 billion (114th) |
• Per capita | $2,656 [6] (171th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $18.2 billion (124th) |
• Per capita | $825 [7] (180th) |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 184th |
| Currency | West African CFA franc[10] (XOF) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +226 |
| ISO 3166 code | BF |
| Internet TLD | .bf |
Republic of Burundi | |
|---|---|
Motto:
| |
| Anthem: Burundi Bwacu (Kirundi) Our Burundi | |
| Capital | Gitega (political)
Bujumbura (economic)[a] 3°30′S 30°00′E / 3.500°S 30.000°E |
| Largest city | Bujumbura[a] |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2018[1]) | |
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic |
| Évariste Ndayishimiye | |
| Prosper Bazombanza | |
| Gervais Ndirakobuca | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Establishment history | |
| 1680–1966 | |
• Part of German East Africa | 1890–1916 |
• Part of Ruanda-Urundi | 1916–1962 |
• Independence from Belgium | 1 July 1962 |
• Republic | 28 November 1966 |
| 17 May 2018 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 27,834 km2 (10,747 sq mi)[4] (142nd) |
• Water (%) | 10[5] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 12,574,571 [6] (77th) |
• 2008 census | 8,053,574[4] |
• Density | 401.6/km2 (1,040.1/sq mi) (20th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2013) | 39.2[8] medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 187th |
| Currency | Burundian franc (FBu) (BIF) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +257 |
| ISO 3166 code | BI |
| Internet TLD | .bi |
Kingdom of Cambodia | |
|---|---|
| Motto: ជាតិ សាសនា ព្រះមហាក្សត្រ Chéatĕ, Sasânéa, Preăh Môhaksâtr "Nation, Religion, King" | |
| Anthem: បទនគររាជ Nôkôr Réach "Majestic Kingdom" | |
| Capital and largest city | Phnom Penh 11°33′N 104°55′E / 11.550°N 104.917°E |
| Official language and national language | Khmer[1] |
| Official script | Khmer[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2019) | |
| Religion (2019) | |
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary dominant-party parliamentary elective constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Norodom Sihamoni |
| Hun Sen | |
| Say Chhum | |
| Heng Samrin | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Formation | |
• Funan | 68–550 |
• Chenla | 550–802 |
| 802–1431 | |
| 1431–1863 | |
| 11 August 1863 | |
| 9 November 1953 | |
| 24 September 1993 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 181,035 km2 (69,898 sq mi) (88th) |
• Water (%) | 2.5 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 16,713,015[5] (72nd) |
• Density | 87/km2 (225.3/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2013) | 36.0[7] medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 146th |
| Currency |
|
| Time zone | UTC+07:00 (ICT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +855 |
| ISO 3166 code | KH |
| Internet TLD | .kh |
Republic of Cameroon République du Cameroun (French) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Paix – Travail – Patrie" (French) "Peace – Work – Fatherland" | |
| Anthem: "Ô Cameroun, Berceau de nos Ancêtres" (French) "O Cameroon, Cradle of Our Forefathers" | |
| Capital | Yaoundé[1] 3°52′N 11°31′E / 3.867°N 11.517°E |
| Largest city | Douala |
| Official languages | French • English |
| Recognised regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Cameroonian |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic[3] under a dictatorship[4][5][6] |
| Paul Biya | |
| Joseph Ngute | |
| Marcel Niat Njifenji | |
| Cavayé Yéguié Djibril | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Independence from France and the United Kingdom | |
• Independence from France | 1 January 1960 |
• Independence from the United Kingdom | 1 October 1961 |
| Area | |
• Total | 475,442 km2 (183,569 sq mi) (53rd) |
• Water (%) | 0.57 [1] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 29,321,637 [1] (51st) |
• Density | 39.7/km2 (102.8/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2014) | 46.6[8] high |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 151st |
| Currency | Central African CFA franc (XAF) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy yyyy/mm/dd |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +237 |
| ISO 3166 code | CM |
| Internet TLD | .cm |
| |
Canada | |
|---|---|
| Motto: A mari usque ad mare (Latin) "From Sea to Sea" | |
| Anthem: "O Canada" | |
| Capital | Ottawa 45°24′N 75°40′W / 45.400°N 75.667°W |
| Largest city | Toronto |
| Official languages | |
| Demonym(s) | Canadian |
| Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Mary Simon | |
| Justin Trudeau | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Commons | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| July 1, 1867 | |
| December 11, 1931 | |
| April 17, 1982 | |
| Area | |
• Total area | 9,984,670 km2 (3,855,100 sq mi) (2nd) |
• Water (%) | 11.76 (2015)[2] |
• Total land area | 9,093,507 km2 (3,511,023 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2023 Q1 estimate | |
• 2021 census | 36,991,981[4] |
• Density | 4.2/km2 (10.9/sq mi) (236th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 15th |
| Currency | Canadian dollar ($) (CAD) |
| Time zone | UTC−3.5 to −8 |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−2.5 to −7 |
| Date format | yyyy-mm-dd (AD)[8] |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +1 |
| Internet TLD | .ca |
Republic of Cabo Verde | |
|---|---|
Motto:
| |
| Anthem: Cântico da Liberdade (Portuguese) (English: "Chant of Freedom") | |
| Capital and largest city | Praia 14°55′N 23°31′W / 14.917°N 23.517°W |
| Official languages | Portuguese[1] |
| Recognised national languages | Cape Verdean Creole[1] |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Cape Verdean or Cabo Verdean[3] |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic[4] |
| José Maria Neves | |
| Ulisses Correia e Silva | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence from Portugal | |
• Granted | 5 July 1975 |
| Area | |
• Total | 4,033 km2 (1,557 sq mi) (166th) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2021 census | 561,901[5] (172nd) |
• Density | 123.7/km2 (320.4/sq mi) (89th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $4.413 billion |
• Per capita | $7,740[6] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $1.997 billion |
• Per capita | $3,502[6] |
| Gini (2015) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 128th |
| Currency | Cape Verdean escudo (CVE) |
| Time zone | UTC–1 (CVT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +238 |
| ISO 3166 code | CV |
| Internet TLD | .cv |
Central African Republic | |
|---|---|
| Motto: | |
Anthem:
| |
| Capital and largest city | Bangui 4°22′N 18°35′E / 4.367°N 18.583°E |
| Official languages | French • Sango |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2020)[1] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Central African |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Faustin-Archange Touadéra | |
| Félix Moloua | |
| Simplice Sarandji | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence | |
• Republic established | 1 December 1958 |
• from France | 13 August 1960 |
• Central African Empire established | 4 December 1976 |
| 4 December 1977 | |
| 21 September 1979 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 622,984 km2 (240,535 sq mi) (44th) |
• Water (%) | 0 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 5,454,533[2] (119th) |
• Density | 7.1/km2 (18.4/sq mi) (221st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2008) | 56.3[4] high |
| HDI (2021) | low · 188th |
| Currency |
|
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right[7] |
| Calling code | +236 |
| ISO 3166 code | CF |
| Internet TLD | .cf |
Republic of Chad | |
|---|---|
| Motto: | |
Anthem:
| |
| Capital and largest city | N'Djamena 12°06′N 16°02′E / 12.100°N 16.033°E |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2009 Census[1]) | |
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Chadian |
| Government | Unitary republic under a hereditary military dictatorship[3] |
| Mahamat Déby | |
| Saleh Kebzabo | |
| Djimadoum Tiraina | |
| Legislature | National Transitional Council[4] |
| Independence | |
• Republic established | 28 November 1958 |
• from France | 11 August 1960 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,284,000 km2 (496,000 sq mi)[5] (20th) |
• Water (%) | 1.9 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 17,963,211[6] (67th) |
• Density | 8.6/km2 (22.3/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | 37.5[8] medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 190th |
| Currency | Central African CFA franc (XAF) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +235 |
| ISO 3166 code | TD |
| Internet TLD | .td |
Republic of Chile República de Chile (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Por la razón o la fuerza ("By reason or by force") | |
| Anthem: Himno Nacional de Chile ("National Anthem of Chile") | |
Chilean territory in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled territory in light green | |
| Capital and largest city | Santiagoa 33°26′S 70°40′W / 33.433°S 70.667°W |
| National language | Spanish |
| Religion (2022)[1] |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Gabriel Boric | |
| Juan Antonio Coloma Correa | |
| Vlado Mirosevic | |
| Juan Eduardo Fuentes Belmar | |
| Legislature | National Congress |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Independence from Spain | |
| 18 September 1810 | |
• Declared | 12 February 1818 |
• Recognized | 25 April 1844 |
| 11 September 1980 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 756,096.3[2] km2 (291,930.4 sq mi) (37th) |
• Water (%) | 2.1 (as of 2015)[3] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 18,430,408[4] (66th) |
• 2017 census | 17,574,003[5] (64th) |
• Density | 24/km2 (62.2/sq mi) (198th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | high |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 42nd |
| Currency | Chilean peso (CLP) |
| Time zone | UTC−4 and −6 (CLT and EASTc) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-3 and −5 |
| April to September | |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +56 |
| ISO 3166 code | CL |
| Internet TLD | .cl |
| |
People's Republic of China | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: 义勇军进行曲 Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ "March of the Volunteers" | |
Territory controlled by the People's Republic of China is shown in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled is shown in light green. | |
| Capital | Beijing 39°55′N 116°23′E / 39.917°N 116.383°E |
| Largest city by population | Shanghai |
| Official languages | Standard Chinese[a] |
| Recognized regional languages | |
| Official script | Simplified Chinese[b] |
| Ethnic groups (2020)[1] |
|
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Chinese |
| Government | Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic |
| Xi Jinping | |
• Premier | Li Qiang |
| Zhao Leji | |
| Wang Huning | |
| Legislature | National People's Congress |
| Formation | |
| c. 2070 BCE | |
| 221 BCE | |
| 1 January 1912 | |
| 1 October 1949 | |
| 20 September 1954 | |
| 4 December 1982 | |
| 20 December 1999 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 9,596,961 km2 (3,705,407 sq mi)[g][5] (3rd / 4th) |
• Water (%) | 2.8[h] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• 2020 census | 1,411,778,724[8] (1st) |
• Density | 145[9]/km2 (375.5/sq mi) (83rd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 79th |
| Currency | Renminbi (元/¥)[k] (CNY) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (CST) |
| DST is not observed | |
| Date format |
|
| Driving side | right (Mainland) left (Hong Kong and Macau) |
| Calling code | +86 (Mainland) +852 (Hong Kong) +853 (Macau) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN |
| Internet TLD | |
Republic of Colombia | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Libertad y Orden" (Spanish) ("Freedom and Order") | |
| Anthem: Himno Nacional de la República de Colombia (Spanish) ("National Anthem of the Republic of Colombia") | |
Location of Colombia (dark green) in South America (grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Bogotá 4°35′N 74°4′W / 4.583°N 74.067°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Recognized regional languages | English (in San Andrés and Providencia) 64 other languages[a] |
| Ethnic groups (2018 census[1]) |
|
| Religion (2022)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Colombian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Gustavo Petro | |
| Francia Márquez | |
| Legislature | Congress |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Representatives | |
| Independence from Spain | |
• Declared | 20 July 1810 |
• Recognized | 7 August 1819 |
• Last unitarisation | 1886 |
• Secession of Panama | 1903 |
| 4 July 1991 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,141,748 km2 (440,831 sq mi) (25th) |
• Water (%) | 2.1 (as of 2015)[3] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 52,156,254[4] (27th) |
• Density | 42.23/km2 (109.4/sq mi) (173rd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | high |
| HDI (2021) | high · 88th |
| Currency | Colombian peso (COP) |
| Time zone | UTC−5[b] (COT) |
| Date format | dd-mm-yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +57 |
| ISO 3166 code | CO |
| Internet TLD | .co |
| |
Union of the Comoros
| |
|---|---|
| Motto: | |
| Anthem: Udzima wa ya Masiwa (Comorian) (English: "The Union of the Islands") | |
Location of the Comoros (circled) | |
| Capital and largest city | Moroni 11°41′S 43°16′E / 11.683°S 43.267°E |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2000)[1] | |
| Religion | 98% Sunni Islam (Official) 2% Christianity |
| Demonym(s) | Comorian |
| Government | Federal presidential republic |
| Azali Assoumani | |
| Moustadroine Abdou | |
| Legislature | Assembly of the Union |
| Formation | |
• Discovery by Portuguese explorers | 1503 |
| 1886 | |
• Protectorate of the Comoros | 6 September 1887 |
• Dependency of the Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies | 9 April 1908 |
| 27 October 1946 | |
• State of Comoros | 22 December 1961 |
• Independence from France | 6 July 1975 |
• Federal Islamic Republic of Comoros | 1 October 1978[3] |
• Union of the Comoros | 23 December 2001 |
| 17 May 2009 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,861 km2 (719 sq mi) (170th) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2019 estimate | 850,886 (160th) |
• Density | 457/km2 (1,183.6/sq mi) (27th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $2.446 billion[4] (178th) |
• Per capita | $2,799[4] (177th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $1.179 billion[4] (182nd) |
• Per capita | $1,349[4] (165th) |
| Gini (2013) | medium · 141st |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 156th |
| Currency | Comorian franc (KMF) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +269 |
| ISO 3166 code | KM |
| Internet TLD | .km |
Democratic Republic of the Congo République démocratique du Congo (French) Repubilika ya Kôngo ya Dimokalasi (Kituba) Republíki ya Kongó Demokratíki (Lingala) Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo (Swahili) Ditunga dia Kongu wa Mungalaata (Luba-Lulua) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Justice – Paix – Travail" (French) "Justice – Peace – Work" | |
| Anthem: Debout Congolais (French) "Arise, Congolese" | |
| Capital and largest city | Kinshasa 4°19′S 15°19′E / 4.317°S 15.317°E |
| Official languages | French |
| Recognised national languages | |
| Religion (2021)[1] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Congolese |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
| Félix Tshisekedi | |
| Sama Lukonde | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Formation | |
| 17 November 1879 | |
| 1 July 1885 | |
| 15 November 1908 | |
• Independence from Belgium | 30 June 1960[2] |
| 20 September 1960 | |
• Named Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1 August 1964 |
| 27 October 1971 | |
| 17 May 1997 | |
| 18 February 2006 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,345,409 km2 (905,567 sq mi) (11th) |
• Water (%) | 3.32 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | |
• Density | 46.3/km2 (119.9/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2012) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 179th |
| Currency | Congolese franc (CDF) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 to +2 (WAT and CAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +243 |
| ISO 3166 code | CD |
| Internet TLD | .cd |
Republic of the Congo | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Unité, Travail, Progrès" (French) (English: "Unity, Work, Progress") | |
| Anthem: La Congolaise (French) Besi Kôngo (Kongo) (English: "The Song of Congo") | |
| Capital and largest city | Brazzaville 4°16′S 15°17′E / 4.267°S 15.283°E |
| Official languages | French |
| Recognised national languages | |
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Congolese |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party semi-presidential republic |
| Denis Sassou Nguesso | |
| Anatole Collinet Makosso | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Independence | |
• Republic established | 28 November 1958 |
• from France | 15 August 1960 |
| Area | |
• Total | 342,000 km2 (132,000 sq mi) (64th) |
• Water (%) | 3.3 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 5,546,307[3] (118th) |
• Density | 17/km2 (44.0/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2011) | 40.2[5] medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 153rd |
| Currency | Central African CFA franc (XAF) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +242 |
| Internet TLD | .cg |
Republic of Costa Rica República de Costa Rica (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: "Himno Nacional de Costa Rica" (Spanish) "National Anthem of Costa Rica" | |
| Capital and largest city | San José 9°56′N 84°5′W / 9.933°N 84.083°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Recognized regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2011[2]) | |
| Religion (2021)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Rodrigo Chaves | |
| Stephan Brunner | |
| Mary Munive | |
| Legislature | Legislative Assembly |
| Independence declared | |
• from Spain | 15 September 1821 |
• from First Mexican Empire | 1 July 1823 |
• from the Federal Republic of Central America | 14 November 1838 |
• Recognized by Spain | 10 May 1850 |
• Constitution | 7 November 1949[2] |
| Area | |
• Total | 51,100 km2 (19,700 sq mi) (126th) |
• Water (%) | 1.05 (as of 2015)[5] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 5,204,411[6] (124th) |
• Density | 220/sq mi (84.9/km2) (107th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | high |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 58th |
| Currency | Costa Rican colón (CRC) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (CST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +506 |
| ISO 3166 code | CR |
| Internet TLD | .cr .co.cr |
Republic of Croatia | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: "Lijepa naša domovino" ("Our Beautiful Homeland") | |
Location of Croatia (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Zagreb 45°48′N 16°0′E / 45.800°N 16.000°E |
| Official languages | Croatian[b] |
| Writing system | Latin[c] |
| Ethnic groups (2021) | |
| Religion (2021) |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Zoran Milanović | |
| Andrej Plenković | |
| Gordan Jandroković | |
| Legislature | Sabor |
| Establishment history | |
• Duchy | 7th century |
• Kingdom | 925 |
| 1102 | |
• Joined Habsburg Monarchy | 1 January 1527 |
• Secession from Austria-Hungary | 29 October 1918 |
| 4 December 1918 | |
| 25 June 1991[5] | |
| 22 May 1992 | |
| 12 November 1995 | |
| 1 April 2009 | |
• Joined the European Union | 1 July 2013 |
| Area | |
• Total | 56,594 km2 (21,851 sq mi) (124th) |
• Water (%) | 1.09 |
| Population | |
• 2021 census | |
• Density | 68.4/km2 (177.2/sq mi) (152nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 40th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd. mm. yyyy. (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +385 |
| ISO 3166 code | HR |
| Internet TLD | |
Republic of Cuba República de Cuba (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: ¡Patria o Muerte, Venceremos! ("Homeland or Death, We Shall Overcome!")[1] | |
| Anthem: La Bayamesa ("The Bayamo Song")[2] | |
Cuba shown in dark green | |
| Capital and largest city | Havana 23°8′N 82°23′W / 23.133°N 82.383°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Other spoken languages | Haitian Creole English |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2020)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Cuban |
| Government | Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic[5] |
| Miguel Díaz-Canel | |
| Salvador Valdés Mesa | |
| Manuel Marrero Cruz | |
| Esteban Lazo Hernández | |
| Legislature | National Assembly of People's Power |
| Independence from Spain and the United States | |
| 11 March 1812 10 October 1868 | |
| 24 February 1895 | |
• Recognized (Handed over to the United States from Spain) | 10 December 1898 |
• Republic declared (Independence from United States) | 20 May 1902 |
| 26 July 1953 – 1 January 1959 | |
| 10 April 2019 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 109,884 km2 (42,426 sq mi) (104th) |
• Water (%) | 0 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• 2021 census | 11,113,215[7] (83rd) |
• Density | 101.8/km2 (263.7/sq mi) (80th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2015 estimate |
• Total | $254.865 billion[8] |
• Per capita | $22,237[8][9] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2000) | 38.0[11] medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 83rd |
| Currency | Cuban peso (CUP) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (CST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (CDT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +53 |
| ISO 3166 code | CU |
| Internet TLD | .cu |
Republic of Cyprus | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Ὕμνος εἰς τὴν Ἐλευθερίαν[a] "Hymn to Liberty" | |
Location of Cyprus (pictured lower right), showing the Republic of Cyprus in darker green and disputed territory shown in brighter green, with the rest of the European Union shown in faded green | |
| Capital and largest city | Nicosia 35°10′N 33°22′E / 35.167°N 33.367°E |
| Official languages | |
| Minority languages | |
| Vernaculars | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2020; including Northern Cyprus) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Cypriot |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Nikos Christodoulides | |
| Vacant[b] | |
| Annita Demetriou | |
| Legislature | House of Representatives |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 19 February 1959 | |
• Independence proclaimed | 16 August 1960 |
| 1 October 1960 | |
• Joined the EU | 1 May 2004 |
| Area | |
• Total[c] | 9,251 km2 (3,572 sq mi) (162nd) |
• Water (%) | 0.11[5] |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 1,244,188[c][6][7] (158th) |
• 2011 census | 838,897[d][8] |
• Density | 123.4[c][9]/km2 (319.6/sq mi) (82nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 29th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +357 |
| ISO 3166 code | CY |
| Internet TLD | .cy[e] |
Czech Republic Česká republika (Czech) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Pravda vítězí (Czech) "Truth prevails" | |
| Anthem: Kde domov můj (Czech) "Where my home is" | |
Location of the Czech Republic (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark gray) | |
| Capital and largest city | Prague 50°05′N 14°28′E / 50.083°N 14.467°E |
| Official language | Czech[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2021)[2] |
|
| Religion (2021)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Czech |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Petr Pavel | |
| Petr Fiala | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Establishment history | |
| c. 870 | |
| 1198 | |
| 28 October 1918 | |
| 1 January 1993 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 78,871 km2 (30,452 sq mi) (115th) |
• Water (%) | 2.14 (as of 2021)[4] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• 2021 census | |
• Density | 133/km2 (344.5/sq mi) (91st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 32nd |
| Currency | Czech koruna (CZK) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | d. m. yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +420[a] |
| ISO 3166 code | CZ |
| Internet TLD | .cz[b] |
Kingdom of Denmark
| |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Guds hjælp, folkets kærlighed, Danmarks styrke" (Danish) (English: "God's help, the love of the people, Denmark's strength") | |
| Anthems: Der er et yndigt land (English: "There is a lovely country") Kong Christian stod ved højen mast[a] (English: "King Christian stood by the lofty mast") | |
Clockwise from top left (sizes not to scale): maps of Greenland, the Faroe Islands, Denmark | |
| Capital and largest city | Copenhagen[b] |
| Official languages | Danish |
| Recognised regional languages | Faroese Greenlandic German[c] |
| Countries (non‑sovereign parts) | |
| Government | Devolved unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Margrethe II |
| Mette Frederiksen | |
| Aksel V. Johannesen | |
| Múte Bourup Egede | |
| Legislature | |
| History | |
• Unification | c. 965[4] |
• Faroese home rule | 24 March 1948[5] |
• Greenlandic home rule | 1 May 1979[6] |
• Faroese takeover act | 29 July 2005[7][8] |
• Greenlandic self rule | 21 June 2009 |
| Area | |
• Denmark | 42,926 km2 (16,574 sq mi) |
• Faroe Islands | 1,396 km2 (538.999 sq mi) |
• Greenland | 2,166,086 km2 (836,330 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Q3 2021 estimate | 5,958,380[9] (114th) |
• Faroe Islands | 52,110[10] |
• Greenland | 56,081[11] |
| Currency | Danish krone[d] (DKK) |
| Time zone | |
• Summer (DST) | |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | |
| ISO 3166 code | DK |
| Internet TLD | |
Republic of Djibouti | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Midnimo, Sinnaan, Nabad (Somali) Inkittiino, Qeedala, Wagari (Afar) Unité, Égalité, Paix (French) اتحاد، مساواة، سلام (Arabic) Unity, Equality, Peace (English) | |
| Anthem: Djibouti | |
| Capital and largest city | Djibouti 11°36′N 43°10′E / 11.600°N 43.167°E |
| Official languages | |
| National languages | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion | 94% Islam 6% Christianity |
| Demonym(s) | Djiboutian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic under a hereditary dictatorship[2][3] |
| Ismaïl Omar Guelleh | |
| Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Formation | |
| 20 May 1883 | |
| 5 July 1967 | |
• Independence from France | 27 June 1977 |
| 20 September 1977 | |
| 4 September 1992 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 23,200[1] km2 (8,958 sq mi)[1] (146th) |
• Water (%) | 0.09 (20 km² / 7.7 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 957,273[4] (162nd) |
• Density | 37.2/km2 (96.3/sq mi) (168th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2017) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 171st |
| Currency | Djiboutian franc (DJF) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +253 |
| ISO 3166 code | DJ |
| Internet TLD | .dj |
Commonwealth of Dominica | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Apres Bondie, C'est La Ter"[1] (Dominican Creole French) "Post Deum terra est" (Latin) "After God is the earth" | |
| Anthem: Isle of Beauty, Isle of Splendour | |
Location of Dominica (circled in red) in the Western Hemisphere | |
| Capital and largest city | Roseau 15°18′N 61°23′W / 15.300°N 61.383°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Vernacular languages | Dominican Creole, Antillean Creole French |
| Ethnic groups (2014[2]) |
|
| Religion (2020) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Dominican (pronounced /ˌdɒmɪˈniːkən/) |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Charles Savarin | |
| Roosevelt Skerrit | |
| Joseph Isaac | |
| Legislature | House of Assembly of Dominica |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 1 March 1967 | |
• Sovereignty and current constitution | 3 November 1978 |
| Area | |
• Total | 750 km2 (290 sq mi) (174th) |
• Water (%) | 1.6 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 72,412[4][5] (186th) |
• 2011 census | 72,000[6] |
• Density | 105/km2 (271.9/sq mi) (95th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $688 million[7] |
• Per capita | $9,726[7] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $485 million[7] |
• Per capita | $7,860[7] |
| HDI (2019) | high · 94th |
| Currency | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
| Time zone | UTC–4 (AST) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +1-767 |
| ISO 3166 code | DM |
| Internet TLD | .dm |
Dominican Republic República Dominicana (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Dios, Patria, Libertad" (Spanish) "God, Homeland, Freedom" | |
| Anthem: ¡Quisqueyanos Valientes! Valiant Quisqueyans! | |
| Capital and largest city | Santo Domingo 19°00′N 70°40′W / 19.000°N 70.667°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Ethnic groups (2021)[1] | |
| Religion (2018)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Dominican Quisqueyan (colloquial)[3] |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic[4] |
| Luis Abinader | |
| Raquel Peña de Antuña | |
| Legislature | Congress |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Formation | |
| 1492–1795 | |
| 1795–1809 | |
| 1809–1821[5] | |
| 1821–1822 | |
| 1822–1844 | |
| 1844–1861[6] | |
| 1861–1865 | |
| 1865–1916[7] | |
| 1916–1924 | |
| 1924–1965[8][9] | |
• Fourth Republic | 1966–present[10] |
| Area | |
• Total | 48,671 km2 (18,792 sq mi) (128th) |
• Water (%) | 0.7[4] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 10,694,700[11] (87th) |
• 2010 census | 9,445,281[12] |
• Density | 220/km2 (569.8/sq mi) (65th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $254.99 billion[13] (65th) |
• Per capita | $23,983[13] (68th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $109.08 billion[13] (67th) |
• Per capita | $10,259 [13] (94th) |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 80th |
| Currency | Dominican peso[5] (DOP) |
| Time zone | UTC – 4:00[4] (Atlantic Standard Time) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +1-809, +1-829, +1-849 |
| ISO 3166 code | DO |
| Internet TLD | .do[4] |
Democratic Republic of
| |
|---|---|
| Motto: Unidade, Acção, Progresso (Portuguese) "Unity, Action, Progress" | |
| Anthem: Pátria (Portuguese) "Fatherland" | |
| Capital and largest city | Dili 8°33′S 125°34′E / 8.55°S 125.56°ECoordinates: 8°33′S 125°34′E / 8.55°S 125.56°E |
| Official languages | |
| National languages | |
| Working languages | |
| Religion (2015 census)[1] |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic[4] |
| José Ramos-Horta | |
| Taur Matan Ruak | |
| Legislature | National Parliament |
| Independence | |
| 16th century | |
| 28 November 1975 | |
| 17 July 1976 | |
• Administered by UNTAET | 25 October 1999 |
| 20 May 2002 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 14,874 km2 (5,743 sq mi) (154th) |
• Water (%) | Negligible |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 1,340,513 (153rd) |
• 2015 census | 1,183,643[5] |
• Density | 78/km2 (202.0/sq mi) (137th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2014) | 28.7[7] low |
| HDI (2021) | 0.607[8] medium · 140th |
| Currency | United States dollarb East Timor Centavo (USD) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Timor-Leste Time) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +670 |
| ISO 3166 code | TL |
| Internet TLD | .tlc |
| |
Republic of Ecuador | |
|---|---|
| Motto: | |
| Anthem: Salve, Oh Patria (Spanish) (English: "Hail, Oh Homeland") | |
Location of Ecuador (dark green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Quito[1] 00°13′12″S 78°30′43″W / 0.22000°S 78.51194°W |
| Official languages | Spanish[2] |
| Recognized regional languages | Kichwa (Quechua), Shuar and others "are in official use for indigenous peoples"[3] |
| Ethnic groups (2010[4]) |
|
| Religion (2020)[5] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Ecuadorian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Guillermo Lasso | |
| Alfredo Borrero | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence | |
• Declared | 10 August 1809 |
• from Spain | 24 May 1822 |
• from Gran Colombia | 13 May 1830 |
• Recognized by Spain | 16 February 1840[6] |
| 5 June 1895 | |
| 28 September 2008 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 283,561 km2 (109,484 sq mi)[7] (73rd) |
• Water (%) | 5 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 17,289,554[8] (71st) |
• 2022 census | 18,048,628[9] |
• Density | 69/km2 (178.7/sq mi) (148th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | high |
| HDI (2021) | high · 95th |
| Currency | United States dollarb (USD) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 / −6 (ECT / GALT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +593 |
| ISO 3166 code | EC |
| Internet TLD | .ec |
| |
Arab Republic of Egypt | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: "Bilady, Bilady, Bilady" "بلادى، بلادى، بلادى" (English: "My country, my country, my country") | |
| Capital and largest city | Cairo 30°2′N 31°13′E / 30.033°N 31.217°E |
| Official languages | Arabic |
| National language | Egyptian Arabic[a] |
| Religion | See Religion in Egypt |
| Demonym(s) | Egyptian |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
| Abdel Fattah el-Sisi | |
| Moustafa Madbouly | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Establishment | |
| c. 3150 BC | |
• Muhammad Ali dynasty inaugurated | 9 July 1805[3] |
| 28 February 1922 | |
| 23 July 1952 | |
• Republic declared | 18 June 1953 |
| 18 January 2014 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,010,408[4][5] km2 (390,121 sq mi) (29th) |
• Water (%) | 0.632 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 104,635,983[6] (14th) |
• 2017 census | 94,798,827[7][8] |
• Density | 103.56/km2 (268.2/sq mi) (118th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2017) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 97th |
| Currency | Egyptian pound (LE/E£/£E) (EGP) |
| Time zone | UTC+2[c] (EGY) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +20 |
| ISO 3166 code | EG |
| Internet TLD | |
| |
Republic of El Salvador República de El Salvador (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Dios, Unión, Libertad "God, Union, Liberty" | |
| Anthem: Himno Nacional de El Salvador "National Anthem of El Salvador" | |
| Capital and largest city | San Salvador 13°41′56″N 89°11′29″W / 13.69889°N 89.19139°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion (2017)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Salvadoran Guanaco(a) (colloquial)[3] |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Nayib Bukele | |
| Félix Ulloa | |
| Legislature | Legislative Assembly |
| Independence | |
| 15 September 1821 | |
• Declared from the First Mexican Empire | 1 July 1823 |
• Declared from the Federal Republic of Central America | 12 June 1824 |
• International recognition[4] | 18 February 1841 |
| Area | |
• Total | 21,041 km2 (8,124 sq mi) (148th) |
• Water (%) | 1.5 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 6,572,243[5] (109th) |
• Density | 324.4/km2 (840.2/sq mi) (26th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 125th |
| Currency | |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (CST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +503[b] |
| ISO 3166 code | SV |
| Internet TLD | .sv |
| |
Republic of Equatorial Guinea
| |
|---|---|
| Motto: Unidad, Paz, Justicia (Spanish) "Unity, Peace, Justice" | |
| Anthem: Caminemos pisando las sendas de nuestra inmensa felicidad (Spanish) Let Us Walk Treading the Paths of Our Immense Happiness | |
| Capital | Malabo (current) Ciudad de la Paz (under construction) 3°45′N 8°47′E / 3.750°N 8.783°E |
| Largest city | Malabo |
| Official languages | |
| Recognised regional languages | List |
| Ethnic groups (1994[3]) | |
| Religion (2020)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic under a dictatorship[5][6] |
| Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | |
| Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue | |
| Manuela Roka Botey | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Independence from Spain | |
• Declared | 12 October 1968 |
| Area | |
• Total | 28,050 km2 (10,830 sq mi) (141st) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 1,679,172[7] (154th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $27.959 billion (148th) |
• Per capita | $18,127[8] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $16.012 billion (133rd) |
• Per capita | $8,462[9] |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 145th |
| Currency | Central African CFA franc (XAF) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +240 |
| ISO 3166 code | GQ |
| Internet TLD | .gq |
| |
State of Eritrea | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: ኤርትራ ኤርትራ ኤርትራ (Tigrinya) "Eritrea, Eritrea, Eritrea" | |
| Capital and largest city | Asmara 15°20′N 38°55′E / 15.333°N 38.917°E |
| Official languages | None[1] |
| Recognised national languages | |
| Working languages | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion | See religion in Eritrea |
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary one-party presidential republic under a totalitarian dictatorship[5][6][7][8][9] |
| Isaias Afwerki | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence from Ethiopia | |
| 1 September 1961 | |
• De facto | 24 May 1991 |
• De jure | 24 May 1993 |
| Area | |
• Total | 117,600 km2 (45,400 sq mi) (97th) |
• Water (%) | 14.1% |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 3.6-6.7 million[10][11][a] |
| GDP (PPP) | 2011 estimate |
• Total | $6.88 billion[13] |
• Per capita | $1,910[13] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2011 estimate |
• Total | $2.25 billion[13] |
• Per capita | $626[13] |
| HDI (2019) | low · 180th |
| Currency | Nakfa (ERN) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (not observed) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +291 |
| ISO 3166 code | ER |
| Internet TLD | .er |
Republic of Estonia Eesti Vabariik (Estonian) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm (English: "My fatherland, my happiness and joy") | |
Location of Estonia (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Tallinn 59°25′N 24°45′E / 59.417°N 24.750°E |
| Official language | Estonian |
| Ethnic groups (2022) | |
| Religion (2011[1]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Estonian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Alar Karis | |
| Kaja Kallas | |
| Legislature | Riigikogu |
| Independence | |
| 23–24 February 1918 | |
• Joined the League of Nations | 22 September 1921 |
| 1940–1991 | |
| 20 August 1991 | |
• Joined the European Union | 1 May 2004 |
| Area | |
• Total | 45,339 km2 (17,505 sq mi) (129thd) |
• Water (%) | 4.6 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | |
• 2021 census | 1,331,824[3] |
• Density | 30.6/km2 (79.3/sq mi) (148th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 31st |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +372 |
| ISO 3166 code | EE |
| Internet TLD | .ee |
Kingdom of Eswatini Umbuso weSwatini (Swazi) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Siyinqaba" (Swazi) "We are a fortress" "We are a mystery" "We hide ourselves away" "We are powerful ones" | |
| Anthem: "Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati" "Oh God, Bestower of the Blessings of the Swazi'" | |
Location of Eswatini (dark blue) in Africa (light blue) | |
| Capital | 26°30′S 31°30′E / 26.500°S 31.500°ECoordinates: 26°30′S 31°30′E / 26.500°S 31.500°E |
| Largest city | Manzini |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2017) |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary absolute monarchy |
| Mswati III | |
| Ntfombi | |
| Cleopas Dlamini | |
| Bheki Maphalala | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Assembly | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Granted | 6 September 1968 |
| 24 September 1968 | |
| 2005[2][3][4] | |
• Renaming | 19 April 2018 |
| Area | |
• Total | 17,364 km2 (6,704 sq mi) (153rd) |
• Water (%) | 0.9 |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 1,160,164 [5] (155th) |
• 2017 census | 1,093,238[6] |
• Density | 66.8/km2 (173.0/sq mi) (135th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | $10.717 billion |
• Per capita | $9,409[7] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | $4.517 billion |
• Per capita | $3,965[7] |
| Gini (2016) | high |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 144th |
| Currency |
|
| Time zone | UTC+2 (SAST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +268 |
| ISO 3166 code | SZ |
| Internet TLD | .sz |
Website www | |
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Name in national languages
| |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anthem: ወደፊት ገስግሺ ፣ ውድ እናት ኢትዮጵያ (English: "March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia") | |||||||||||||
| Capital and largest city | Addis Ababa 9°1′N 38°45′E / 9.017°N 38.750°E | ||||||||||||
| Official languages | Afar Amharic Oromo Somali Tigrinya[1][2][3] | ||||||||||||
| Ethnic groups | |||||||||||||
| Religion (2016[7]) |
| ||||||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Ethiopian | ||||||||||||
| Government | Federal parliamentary republic[8] | ||||||||||||
| Sahle-Work Zewde | |||||||||||||
| Abiy Ahmed | |||||||||||||
| Legislature | Federal Parliamentary Assembly | ||||||||||||
| House of Federation | |||||||||||||
| House of Peoples' Representatives | |||||||||||||
| Formation | |||||||||||||
| 1270 | |||||||||||||
| 7 May 1769 | |||||||||||||
| 11 February 1855 | |||||||||||||
| 1904 | |||||||||||||
| 9 May 1936 | |||||||||||||
| 31 January 1942 | |||||||||||||
• Derg | 12 September 1974 | ||||||||||||
| 28 May 1991 | |||||||||||||
| 21 August 1995 | |||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||
• Total | 1,104,300[9] km2 (426,400 sq mi) (26th) | ||||||||||||
• Water (%) | 0.7 | ||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||
• 2022 estimate | 113,656,596[10] (13th) | ||||||||||||
• 2007 census | 73,750,932[6] | ||||||||||||
• Density | 92.7/km2 (240.1/sq mi) (123rd) | ||||||||||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate | ||||||||||||
• Total | |||||||||||||
• Per capita | |||||||||||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate | ||||||||||||
• Total | |||||||||||||
• Per capita | |||||||||||||
| Gini (2015) | medium | ||||||||||||
| HDI (2021) | low · 175th | ||||||||||||
| Currency | Birr (ETB) | ||||||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) | ||||||||||||
| Driving side | right | ||||||||||||
| Calling code | +251 | ||||||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | ET | ||||||||||||
| Internet TLD | .et | ||||||||||||
Republic of Fiji
| |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Rerevaka na Kalou ka Doka na Tui" (Fijian) "Fear God and honour the King"[1] | |
| Anthem: "God Bless Fiji" | |
| Capital and largest city | Suva[2] 18°10′S 178°27′E / 18.167°S 178.450°E |
| Official languages | |
| Recognised regional languages | Rotuman |
| Ethnic groups (2016[4]) |
|
| Religion | |
| Demonym(s) | Fijian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Wiliame Katonivere | |
| Sitiveni Rabuka | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 10 October 1970 | |
• Republic | 7 October 1987 |
| Area | |
• Total | 18,274 km2 (7,056 sq mi) (151st) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2018 estimate | 926,276[6] (161st) |
• 2017 census | 884,887[7] |
• Density | 46.4/km2 (120.2/sq mi) (148th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2013) | 36.4[9] medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 99th |
| Currency | Fijian dollar (FJD) |
| Time zone | UTC+12 (FJT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +679 |
| ISO 3166 code | FJ |
| Internet TLD | .fj |
Website fiji.gov.fj | |
Republic of Finland | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Maamme (Finnish) Vårt land (Swedish) (English: "Our Land") | |
Location of Finland (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Helsinki 60°10′15″N 24°56′15″E / 60.17083°N 24.93750°E |
| Official languages | |
| Recognized national languages | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2021)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic[4] |
| Sauli Niinistö | |
| Sanna Marin | |
| Petteri Orpo | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Independence from Russia | |
| 29 March 1809 | |
| 6 December 1917 | |
| January – May 1918 | |
| 17 July 1919 | |
| 30 November 1939 – 13 March 1940 | |
| 25 June 1941 – 19 September 1944 | |
| 1 January 1995 | |
• Joined NATO | 4 April 2023 |
| Area | |
• Total | 338,455 km2 (130,678 sq mi) (65th) |
• Water (%) | 9.71 (2015)[5] |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | |
• Density | 16.4/km2 (42.5/sq mi) (213th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 11th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy[10] |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +358 |
| ISO 3166 code | FI |
| Internet TLD | .fi, .axa |
| |
French Republic République française (French) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" ("Liberty, Equality, Fraternity") | |
| Anthem: "La Marseillaise" | |
Location of France (red or dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Paris 48°51′N 2°21′E / 48.850°N 2.350°E |
| Official language and national language | French[II] |
| Nationality (2021) | |
| Religion (2020)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | French |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
| Emmanuel Macron | |
| Élisabeth Borne | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Establishment | |
| 10 August 843 | |
| 3 July 987 | |
| 22 September 1792 | |
| 1 January 1958 | |
| 4 October 1958 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 643,801 km2 (248,573 sq mi)[5] (42nd) |
• Water (%) | 0.86 (2015)[6] |
| 551,695 km2 (213,011 sq mi)[IV] (50th) | |
• Metropolitan France (Cadastre) | 543,940.9 km2 (210,016.8 sq mi)[V][7] (50th) |
| Population | |
• January 2023 estimate | |
• Density | 105.4627/km2 (106th) |
• Metropolitan France, estimate as of January 2023[update] | |
• Density | 121/km2 (313.4/sq mi) (89th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 28th |
| Currency | |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (Central European Time) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (Central European Summer Time[IX]) |
| Note: Various other time zones are observed in overseas France.[VIII] Although France is in the UTC (Z) (Western European Time) zone, UTC+01:00 (Central European Time) was enforced as the standard time since 25 February 1940, upon German occupation in WW2, with a +0:50:39 offset (and +1:50:39 during DST) from Paris LMT (UTC+0:09:21).[13] | |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (AD) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +33[X] |
| ISO 3166 code | FR |
| Internet TLD | .fr[XI] |
Source gives area of metropolitan France as 551,500 km2 (212,900 sq mi) and lists overseas regions separately, whose areas sum to 89,179 km2 (34,432 sq mi). Adding these give the total shown here for the entire French Republic. The CIA reports the total as 643,801 km2 (248,573 sq mi). | |
Gabonese Republic République gabonaise (French) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motto: "Union, Travail, Justice" (French) "Union, Work, Justice" | |||||||
| Anthem: "La Concorde" (French) "The Concord" | |||||||
| Capital and largest city | Libreville 0°23′N 9°27′E / 0.383°N 9.450°E | ||||||
| Official languages | French | ||||||
| Regional languages | |||||||
| Ethnic groups | |||||||
| Religion (2020)[1] |
| ||||||
| Demonym(s) |
| ||||||
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic | ||||||
| Ali Bongo Ondimba | |||||||
| Rose Christiane Raponda | |||||||
| Alain Claude Billie By Nze | |||||||
| Lucie Milebou Aubusson | |||||||
| Faustin Boukoubi | |||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | ||||||
| Senate | |||||||
| National Assembly | |||||||
| Independence from | |||||||
• Republic established | 28 November 1958 | ||||||
• Granted | 16–17 August 1960 | ||||||
| Area | |||||||
• Total | 267,667 km2 (103,347 sq mi) (76th) | ||||||
• Water (%) | 3.76% | ||||||
| Population | |||||||
• 2022 estimate | 2,340,613[2] (146th) | ||||||
• Density | 7.9/km2 (20.5/sq mi) (216th) | ||||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate | ||||||
• Total | |||||||
• Per capita | |||||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate | ||||||
• Total | |||||||
• Per capita | |||||||
| Gini (2017) | 38[4] medium | ||||||
| HDI (2021) | high · 112th | ||||||
| Currency | Central African CFA franc (XAF) | ||||||
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) | ||||||
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy | ||||||
| Driving side | right | ||||||
| Calling code | +241 | ||||||
| ISO 3166 code | GA | ||||||
| Internet TLD | .ga | ||||||
| |||||||
Republic of The Gambia | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Progress, Peace, and Prosperity" | |
| Anthem: "For The Gambia Our Homeland" | |
Location of the Gambia (dark green) in western Africa | |
| Capital | Banjul 13°28′N 16°36′W / 13.467°N 16.600°WCoordinates: 13°28′N 16°36′W / 13.467°N 16.600°W |
| Largest metropolitan area | Serekunda |
| Official languages | English |
| National languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2013 Census) | |
| Religion (2019)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Gambian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Adama Barrow | |
| Muhammad B.S. Jallow | |
| Fabakary Jatta | |
| Hassan Bubacar Jallow | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence | |
• from the United Kingdom | 18 February 1965 |
• dissolution of the Senegambia Confederation | 30 September 1989 |
| Area | |
• Total | 11,300[3] km2 (4,400 sq mi) (159th) |
• Water (%) | 11.5 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 2,413,403[4] (144th) |
• Density | 176.1/km2 (456.1/sq mi) (74th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2015) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 174th |
| Currency | Gambian dalasi (GMD) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Daylight saving time is not observed | |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +220 |
| ISO 3166 code | GM |
| Internet TLD | .gm |
Georgia საქართველო (Georgian) Sakartvelo | |
|---|---|
| Motto: ძალა ერთობაშია Dzala ertobashia "Strength is in Unity" | |
| Anthem: თავისუფლება Tavisupleba "Freedom" | |
Georgia in dark green; uncontrolled territory in light green | |
| Capital and largest city | Tbilisi 41°43′N 44°47′E / 41.717°N 44.783°E |
| Official languages | Georgian |
| Recognised regional languages | Abkhaz[a] |
| Ethnic groups (2014[a]) |
|
| Religion (2014) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Georgian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Salome Zourabichvili | |
| Irakli Garibashvili | |
| Shalva Papuashvili | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Establishment history | |
| 13th c. BC – 580 AD | |
| 786–1008 | |
| 1008 | |
| 1463–1810 | |
| 12 September 1801 | |
| 26 May 1918 | |
| 25 February 1921 | |
• Independence from the Soviet Union • Declared • Finalized | 9 April 1991 26 December 1991 |
| 24 August 1995 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 69,700 km2 (26,900 sq mi) (119th) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 4,012,104[b] (126th) |
• 2014 census | |
• Density | 57.6/km2 (149.2/sq mi) (137th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2019) | very high · 63rd |
| Currency | Georgian lari (₾) (GEL) |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (Georgia Time GET) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +995 |
| ISO 3166 code | GE |
| Internet TLD | .ge, .გე |
| |
Federal Republic of Germany Bundesrepublik Deutschland (German) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Deutschlandlied[a] "Song of Germany" | |
Location of Germany (dark green) – in Europe (light green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Berlin[b] 52°31′N 13°23′E / 52.517°N 13.383°E |
| Official languages | German[c] |
| Demonym(s) | German |
| Government | Federal parliamentary republic[4] |
| Frank-Walter Steinmeier | |
| Olaf Scholz | |
| Legislature | Bundestag, Bundesrat[d] |
| Area | |
• Total | 357,592 km2 (138,067 sq mi)[5] (63rd) |
• Water (%) | 1.27 (2015)[6] |
| Population | |
• Q3 2022 estimate | |
• Density | 232/km2 (600.9/sq mi) (58th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 9th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +49 |
| ISO 3166 code | DE |
| Internet TLD | .de |
Republic of Ghana | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Freedom and Justice" | |
| Anthem: "God Bless Our Homeland Ghana" | |
| Capital and largest city | Accra 5°33′N 0°12′W / 5.550°N 0.200°W |
| Official languages | English[1][2] |
| Ethnic groups (2021 census[3]) |
|
| Religion (2021 census[3]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Ghanaian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Nana Akufo-Addo | |
| Mahamudu Bawumia | |
| Alban Bagbin | |
| Kwasi Anin-Yeboah | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 6 March 1957 | |
• Republic | 1 July 1960 |
| Area | |
• Total | 238,535 km2 (92,099 sq mi) (80th) |
• Water (%) | 4.61 (11,000 km2; 4,247 mi2) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 32,103,042[4] (47th) |
• 2021 census | 30,792,608[5] |
• Density | 101.5/km2 (262.9/sq mi) (103rd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2016) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 133rd |
| Currency | Cedi (GHS) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +233 |
| ISO 3166 code | GH |
| Internet TLD | .gh |
Hellenic Republic | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος Elefthería í Thánatos (English: "Freedom or Death") | |
| Anthem: Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν Ímnos is tin Eleftherían (English: "Hymn to Liberty") | |
Location of Greece (dark green) – in Europe (light green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Athens 37°58′N 23°43′E / 37.967°N 23.717°E |
| Official language and national language | Greek |
| Religion (2017) |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Katerina Sakellaropoulou | |
| Kyriakos Mitsotakis | |
| Konstantinos Tasoulas | |
| Legislature | Hellenic Parliament |
| Establishment history | |
• Independence declared from the Ottoman Empire | 25 March 1821 (traditional starting date of the Greek War of Independence), 15 January 1822 (official declaration) |
| 3 February 1830 | |
| 24 July 1974 | |
| 11 June 1975 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 131,957 km2 (50,949 sq mi)[2] (95th) |
• Water (%) | 1.51 (2015)[3] |
| Population | |
• 2021 census | |
• Density | 79.1[5]/km2 (204.9/sq mi) (133th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 33rd |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (AD)b |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +30 |
| ISO 3166 code | GR |
| Internet TLD | |
| |
Grenada Gwenad (Grenadian Creole French) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Ever Conscious of God We Aspire, Build and Advance as One People"[1] | |
| Anthem: "Hail Grenada" | |
| Capital and largest city | St. George's 12°03′N 61°45′W / 12.050°N 61.750°W |
| Official languages | |
| Recognised regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2011[3]) | |
| Religion (2020)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Grenadian[5] |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Dame Cécile La Grenade | |
| Dickon Mitchell | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Formation | |
| 3 March 1967 | |
• Independence from the United Kingdom | 7 February 1974 |
| 13 March 1979 | |
• Constitution Restoration | 4 December 1984 |
| Area | |
• Total | 348.5 km2 (134.6 sq mi) (185th) |
• Water (%) | 1.6 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 124,610[6][7] (179th) |
• Density | 318.58/km2 (825.1/sq mi) (45th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $1.801 billion[8] |
• Per capita | $16,604[8] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $1.249 billion[8] |
• Per capita | $11,518[8] |
| HDI (2019) | high · 74th |
| Currency | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (AST) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +1-473 |
| ISO 3166 code | GD |
| Internet TLD | .gd |
Republic of Guatemala República de Guatemala (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
Motto:
| |
| Anthem: Himno Nacional de Guatemala (English: "National Anthem of Guatemala") | |
| March: La Granadera (English: "The Song of the Grenadier") | |
Location of Guatemala (dark green) in the Western Hemisphere (grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Guatemala City 14°38′N 90°30′W / 14.633°N 90.500°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Ethnic groups (2018[2]) | |
| Religion (2017)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Guatemalan Chapín |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Alejandro Giammattei | |
| Guillermo Castillo | |
| Shirley Rivera | |
| Legislature | Congress of the Republic |
| Independence | |
• Declared from the Spanish Empire | 15 September 1821 |
• Declared from the First Mexican Empire | 1 July 1823 |
• Declared from the Federal Republic of Central America | 17 April 1839 |
• Current constitution | 31 May 1985 |
| Area | |
• Total | 108,889 km2 (42,042 sq mi) (105th) |
• Water (%) | 0.4 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 17,608,483 (69th) |
• Density | 129/km2 (334.1/sq mi) (85th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2014) | 48.3[5] high |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 135th |
| Currency | Quetzal (GTQ) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (CST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +502 |
| ISO 3166 code | GT |
| Internet TLD | .gt |
Republic of Guinea | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Travail, Justice, Solidarité" (French) "Work, Justice, Solidarity" | |
| Anthem: Liberté (French) "Freedom" | |
Guinea in dark green | |
Location of Guinea (dark blue) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Conakry 9°31′N 13°42′W / 9.517°N 13.700°W |
| Official languages | French |
| Vernacular languages | |
| Ethnic groups ([1]) | |
| Religion (2014)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Guinean |
| Government | Unitary republic under a military junta |
| Mamady Doumbouya | |
| Bernard Gomou | |
| Legislature | National Council of the Transition[3] |
| Independence (was the colony of French Guinea since 1891) | |
• from France | 2 October 1958 |
• Republic | 2 October 1958 |
• 4th constitution | 2 October 1958 |
• Second Republic Day | 3 April 1984 |
| 5 September 2021 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 245,857 km2 (94,926 sq mi) (77th) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 13,237,832[4] (75th) |
• Density | 40.9/km2 (105.9/sq mi) (164th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2012) | 33.7[6] medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 182nd |
| Currency | Guinean franc (GNF) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +224 |
| ISO 3166 code | GN |
| Internet TLD | .gn |
Republic of Guinea-Bissau | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Unidade, Luta, Progresso "Unity, Struggle, Progress" | |
| Anthem: Esta É a Nossa Pátria Bem Amada "This is Our Beloved Homeland" | |
Location of Guinea-Bissau (dark blue) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Bissau 11°52′N 15°36′W / 11.867°N 15.600°W |
| Official languages | Portuguese |
| Spoken languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2019)[1] | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Bissau-Guinean[5] |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
| Umaro Sissoco Embaló | |
| Nuno Gomes Nabiam | |
| Legislature | National People's Assembly |
| Independence from Portugal | |
• Declared | 24 September 1973 |
• Recognized | 10 September 1974 |
• Independence | 5 July 1975 |
| Area | |
• Total | 36,125 km2 (13,948 sq mi) (134th) |
• Water (%) | 22.4 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 2,026,778[6] (150th) |
• Density | 46.9/km2 (121.5/sq mi) (154th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $3.8 billion[7] |
• Per capita | $1,950[7] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $1.480 billion[7] |
• Per capita | $850[7] |
| Gini (2010) | high |
| HDI (2021) | low · 177th |
| Currency | West African CFA franc (XOF) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +245 |
| ISO 3166 code | GW |
| Internet TLD | .gw |
Co-operative Republic of Guyana | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "One People, One Nation, One Destiny" | |
| Anthem: "Dear Land of Guyana, of Rivers and Plains" | |
Location of Guyana (green) in South America (grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Georgetown 6°48′21″N 58°9′3″W / 6.80583°N 58.15083°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Recognised regional languages | 10 indigenous languages |
| Vernacular language | Guyanese Creole |
| Other languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2012)[1] |
|
| Religion (2012)[1] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Guyanese |
| Government | Unitary assembly-independent republic[2] |
| Irfaan Ali | |
| Mark Phillips | |
| Bharrat Jagdeo | |
| Manzoor Nadir | |
| Roxane George-Wiltshire (acting) | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Establishment | |
| 1667–1815 | |
| 1831–1966 | |
| 26 May 1966 | |
• Republic | 23 February 1970 |
• Joined CARICOM at the Treaty of Chaguaramas | 1 August 1973 |
| 6 October 1980 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 214,970 km2 (83,000 sq mi) (83rd) |
• Water (%) | 8.4 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 795,408[3] (166th) |
• Density | 3.502/km2 (9.1/sq mi) (232nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2007) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 108th |
| Currency | Guyanese dollar (GYD) |
| Time zone | UTC-4 (AST) |
| Date format | dd-mm-yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +592 |
| ISO 3166 code | GY |
| Internet TLD | .gy |
Republic of Haiti | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" (French)[2] Motto on traditional coat of arms:"Libète, Egalite, Fratènite" (Haitian Creole) "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" "L'union fait la force" (French) "Inite se fòs" (Haitian Creole)[3] "Union makes strength" | |
| Anthem: La Dessalinienne (French) Desalinyèn (Haitian Creole) "The Dessalines Song" | |
| Capital and largest city | Port-au-Prince 18°32′N 72°20′W / 18.533°N 72.333°W |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups | 95% Black 5% Mixed and White[4] |
| Religion (2020)[5] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Haitian |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
| Ariel Henry (acting)[6][7][8] | |
| Ariel Henry (acting) | |
| Legislature | National Assembly[a] |
| Senate[a] | |
| Chamber of Deputies[a] | |
| Independence from France | |
• Declared | 1 January 1804 |
• Recognized | 17 April 1825 |
| 22 September 1804 | |
| 9 March 1806 | |
| 17 October 1806 | |
• Kingdom | 28 March 1811 |
| 9 February 1822 | |
• Dissolution | 27 February 1844 |
| 26 August 1849 | |
• Republic | 15 January 1859 |
| 28 July 1915 – 1 August 1934 | |
| 29 March 1987 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 27,800 km2 (10,700 sq mi) (143rd) |
• Water (%) | 0.7 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 11,334,637[9] (83rd) |
• Density | 382/km2 (989.4/sq mi) (32nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | $34.189 billion[10] (144th) |
• Per capita | $2,962[10] (174th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | $22.431 billion[10] (139th) |
• Per capita | $1,943[10] (172nd) |
| Gini (2012) | 41.1[11] medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 163rd |
| Currency | Gourde (G) (HTG) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (EST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +509 |
| ISO 3166 code | HT |
| Internet TLD | .ht |
Republic of Honduras República de Honduras (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
Motto:
| |
| Anthem: Himno Nacional de Honduras "National Anthem of Honduras" | |
| Capital and largest city | Tegucigalpa 14°6′N 87°13′W / 14.100°N 87.217°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Ethnic groups (2016)[1] |
|
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Xiomara Castro | |
| Salvador Nasralla | |
| Luis Redondo | |
| Legislature | National Congress |
| Independence | |
• Declaredb from Spain | 15 September 1821 |
• Declared from the First Mexican Empire | 1 July 1823 |
• Declared, as Honduras, from the Federal Republic of Central America | 5 November 1838 |
| Area | |
• Total | 112,492 km2 (43,433 sq mi) (101st) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 9,459,440[3] (95th) |
• Density | 85/km2 (220.1/sq mi) (128th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | high |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 137th |
| Currency | Lempira (HNL) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (CST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +504 |
| ISO 3166 code | HN |
| Internet TLD | .hn |
| |
Population estimates explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected, as of July 2007. | |
Hungary Magyarország (Hungarian) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: "Himnusz" (Hungarian)[1] (English: "Hymn") | |
Location of Hungary (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Budapest 47°26′N 19°15′E / 47.433°N 19.250°E |
| Official languages | Hungarian[2] |
| Ethnic groups (microcensus 2016) | |
| Religion (census 2011)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Hungarian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Katalin Novák | |
| Viktor Orbán | |
| László Kövér | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Foundation | |
| 895[5] | |
| 25 December 1000[6] | |
| 24 April 1222 | |
| 29 August 1526 | |
| 2 September 1686 | |
| 15 March 1848 | |
| 30 March 1867 | |
| 4 June 1920 | |
| 23 October 1989 | |
| 12 March 1999 | |
• Joined the European Union | 1 May 2004 |
| Area | |
• Total | 93,030[7] km2 (35,920 sq mi) (108th) |
• Water (%) | 3.7[8] |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 9,678,000[9] (92nd) |
• Density | 105/km2 (271.9/sq mi) (78th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 46th |
| Currency | Forint (HUF) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | yyyy.mm.dd. |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +36 |
| ISO 3166 code | HU |
| Internet TLD | .hu[a] |
| |
Iceland Ísland (Icelandic) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Lofsöngur "Hymn" | |
| Capital and largest city | Reykjavík 64°08′N 21°56′W / 64.133°N 21.933°W |
| Official language | Icelandic |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion (2022)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Guðni Th. Jóhannesson | |
| Katrín Jakobsdóttir | |
| Legislature | Alþingi |
| Formation | |
| 9th century | |
| 930–1262 | |
| 1262–1397 | |
| 1397–1523 | |
| 1523–1814 | |
| 14 January 1814 | |
| 5 January 1874 | |
• Extended home rule | 1 February 1904 |
| 1 December 1918 | |
• Republic | 17 June 1944 |
| Area | |
• Total | 102,775[4] km2 (39,682 sq mi) (106th) |
• Water (%) | 2.07 (as of 2015)[5] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 376,248 (171st) |
• 2022 census | 387,800[6] |
• Density | 3.66/km2 (9.5/sq mi) (240th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 3rd |
| Currency | Icelandic króna (ISK) |
| Time zone | UTC[c] (GMT/WET) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +354 |
| ISO 3166 code | IS |
| Internet TLD | .is |
Republic of India | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit) "Truth Alone Triumphs"[1] | |
| Anthem: "Jana Gana Mana"[2][3] "Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People"[4][2] | |
| National song "Vande Mataram" (Sanskrit) "I Bow to Thee, Mother"[a][1][2] | |
Territory controlled by India shown in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled shown in light green | |
| Capital | New Delhi 28°36′50″N 77°12′30″E / 28.61389°N 77.20833°E |
| Largest city | |
| Official languages | |
| Recognised national languages | None[9][10][11] |
| Recognised regional languages |
|
| Native languages | 447 languages[e] |
| Religion (2011) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Indian |
| Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional republic |
| Droupadi Murmu | |
| Jagdeep Dhankhar | |
| Narendra Modi | |
| Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud | |
| Om Birla | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Rajya Sabha | |
| Lok Sabha | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Dominion | 15 August 1947 |
• Republic | 26 January 1950 |
| 16 May 1975 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 3,287,263[2] km2 (1,269,219 sq mi)[f] (7th) |
• Water (%) | 9.6 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 1,375,586,000[17] (2nd[g]) |
• 2011 census | 1,210,854,977[18][19] (2nd) |
• Density | 419.8/km2 (1,087.3/sq mi) (30th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2011) | 35.7[21][22] medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 132nd |
| Currency | Indian rupee (₹) (INR) |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| DST is not observed | |
| Date format |
|
| Driving side | left[24] |
| Calling code | +91 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN |
| Internet TLD | .in (others) |
Republic of Indonesia Republik Indonesia (Indonesian) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Old Javanese) "Unity in Diversity" | |
| Anthem: Indonesia Raya "Great Indonesia" | |
| National ideology: Pancasila (lit. 'Five principles') | |
| Capital and largest city | Jakarta 6°10′S 106°49′E / 6.167°S 106.817°E |
| Official language | Indonesian |
| Regional languages | Over 700 languages[1] |
| Ethnic groups | Over 1,300 ethnic groups[2] |
| Religion (2018)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Indonesian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Joko Widodo | |
| Ma'ruf Amin | |
| Puan Maharani | |
| Muhammad Syarifuddin | |
| Legislature | People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) |
| Regional Representative Council (DPD) | |
| People's Representative Council (DPR) | |
| Independence from the Netherlands | |
| 17 August 1945 | |
| 27 December 1949 | |
| Area | |
• Land | 1,904,569[4] km2 (735,358 sq mi) (14th) |
| 4.85 | |
| Population | |
• Q4 2022 estimate | |
• 2020 census | 270,203,917[6] |
• Density | 143/km2 (370.4/sq mi) (90th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 114th |
| Currency | Indonesian rupiah (Rp) (IDR) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 to +9 (various) |
| Date format | DD/MM/YYYY |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +62 |
| ISO 3166 code | ID |
| Internet TLD | .id |
Islamic Republic of Iran | |
|---|---|
| Motto: استقلال، آزادی، جمهوری اسلامی Esteqlâl, Âzâdi, Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi "Independence, freedom, the Islamic Republic" (de facto)[1] | |
| Anthem: سرود ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران Sorud-e Melli-ye Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Irân "National Anthem of the Islamic Republic of Iran" | |
| Capital and largest city | Tehran 35°41′N 51°25′E / 35.683°N 51.417°E |
| Official languages | Persian |
| Recognised regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion | Shia Islam (official) |
| Demonym(s) | Iranian, Persian |
| Government | Unitary theocratic Islamic republic |
| Ali Khamenei | |
| Ebrahim Raisi | |
| Mohammad Mokhber | |
| Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf | |
| Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i | |
| Legislature | Islamic Consultative Assembly |
| Establishment history | |
| c. 678 BC | |
| 550 BC | |
| 247 BC | |
| 224 AD | |
| 934 | |
| 1501 | |
| 1736 | |
| 1751 | |
| 1796 | |
| 15 December 1925 | |
| 11 February 1979 | |
| 3 December 1979 | |
| 28 July 1989 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi) (17th) |
• Water (%) | 1.63 (as of 2015)[4] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 86,758,304[5] (17th) |
• Density | 48/km2 (124.3/sq mi) (162nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $1.692 trillion[6] (22nd) |
• Per capita | $19,548[6] (84th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 70th |
| Currency | Iranian rial (ریال) (IRR) |
| Time zone | UTC+3:30 (IRST) |
| Date format | yyyy/mm/dd (SH) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +98 |
| ISO 3166 code | IR |
| Internet TLD | |
Republic of Iraq | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: موطني Mawṭinī "My Homeland" | |
| Capital and largest city | Baghdad 33°20′N 44°23′E / 33.333°N 44.383°E |
| Official languages | |
| |
| Ethnic groups | [2] |
| Religion (2020)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Iraqi |
| Government | Federal parliamentary republic |
| Abdul Latif Rashid | |
| Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani | |
• Speaker | Mohamed al-Halbousi |
| Faiq Zidan | |
| Legislature | Council of Representatives |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 3 October 1932 | |
| 14 July 1958 | |
| 15 October 2005 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 438,317 km2 (169,235 sq mi) (58th) |
• Water (%) | 4.62 (as of 2015)[5] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 40,462,701[6] (35th) |
• Density | 82.7/km2 (214.2/sq mi) (125th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2012) | 29.5[10] low |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 121st |
| Currency | Iraqi dinar (IQD) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (AST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +964 |
| ISO 3166 code | IQ |
| Internet TLD | .iq |
| |
Ireland[a] Éire (Irish) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Amhrán na bhFiann "The Soldiers' Song" | |
Location of Ireland (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Dublin 53°20.65′N 6°16.05′W / 53.34417°N 6.26750°WCoordinates: 53°N 8°W / 53°N 8°W |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2016[2]) | |
| Religion (2016[3]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Irish |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Michael D. Higgins | |
| Leo Varadkar | |
• Tánaiste | Micheál Martin |
| Donal O'Donnell | |
| Legislature | Oireachtas |
| Seanad | |
| Dáil | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 24 April 1916 | |
| 21 January 1919 | |
| 6 December 1921 | |
| 6 December 1922 | |
| 29 December 1937 | |
| 18 April 1949 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 70,273 km2 (27,133 sq mi) (118th) |
• Water (%) | 2.0% |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• 2016 census | 4,761,865[5] |
• Density | 71.3/km2 (184.7/sq mi) (113th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 8th |
| Currency | Euro (€)[c] (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (IST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +353 |
| ISO 3166 code | IE |
| Internet TLD | .ie[d] |
| |
State of Israel | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: הַתִּקְוָה (Hatīkvāh; "The Hope") | |
Israel within internationally recognized borders shown in dark green; Israeli-occupied territories shown in light green | |
| Capital and largest city | Jerusalem (limited recognition)[fn 1][fn 2] 31°47′N 35°13′E / 31.783°N 35.217°E |
| Official language | Hebrew |
| Recognized language | Arabic[fn 3] |
| Ethnic groups (2022)[11] | |
| Religion (2022)[11] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Israeli |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Isaac Herzog | |
| Benjamin Netanyahu | |
| Amir Ohana | |
| Esther Hayut | |
| Legislature | Knesset |
| Independence out of British Palestine | |
| 14 May 1948 | |
| 11 May 1949 | |
| 1958–2018 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 20,770–22,072 km2 (8,019–8,522 sq mi)[a] (149th) |
• Water (%) | 2.71 (as of 2015)[12] |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 9,707,360[13][fn 4] (91st) |
• 2008 census | 7,412,200[14][fn 4] |
• Density | 440/km2 (1,139.6/sq mi) (29th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | 34.8[fn 4][16] medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 22nd |
| Currency | New shekel (₪) (ILS) |
| Time zone | UTC+2:00 (IST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3:00 (IDT) |
| Date format | |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +972 |
| ISO 3166 code | IL |
| Internet TLD | .il |
| |
Italian Republic Repubblica Italiana (Italian) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: "Il Canto degli Italiani" "The Song of the Italians" | |
Location of Italy (dark green) – in Europe (light green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Rome 41°54′N 12°29′E / 41.900°N 12.483°E |
| Official languages | Italiana |
| Native languages | See main article |
| Religion (2020)[1] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Italian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Sergio Mattarella | |
| Giorgia Meloni | |
| Ignazio La Russa | |
| Lorenzo Fontana | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate of the Republic | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Formation | |
| 17 March 1861 | |
• Republic | 2 June 1946 |
| 1 January 1948 | |
| 1 January 1958 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 301,230 km2 (116,310 sq mi) (71st) |
• Water (%) | 1.24 (2015)[2] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 58,853,482[3] (25th) |
• Density | 201.3/km2 (521.4/sq mi) (71st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 30th |
| Currency | Euro (€)b (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy yyyy-mm-dd (AD)[7] |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +39c |
| ISO 3166 code | IT |
| Internet TLD | .itd |
| |
Republic of Côte d'Ivoire République de Côte d'Ivoire (French) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: ‘Union – Discipline – Travail’ (French) 'Unity – Discipline – Work' | |
| Anthem: L'Abidjanaise (English: "Song of Abidjan") | |
| Capital | Yamoussoukro (political) Abidjan (economic) 6°51′N 5°18′W / 6.850°N 5.300°W |
| Largest city | Abidjan |
| Official languages | French |
| Vernacular languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2018) |
|
| Religion (2021 census)[1] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Alassane Ouattara | |
| Tiémoko Meyliet Koné | |
| Patrick Achi | |
| Legislature | Parliament of Ivory Coast |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| History | |
• Republic established | 4 December 1958 |
• Independence from France | 7 August 1960 |
| Area | |
• Total | 322,463 km2 (124,504 sq mi) (68th) |
• Water (%) | 1.4[2] |
| Population | |
• 2021 census | 29,389,150[3] |
• Density | 91.1/km2 (235.9/sq mi) (139th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2015) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 159th |
| Currency | West African CFA franc (XOF) |
| Time zone | UTC±00:00 (GMT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +225 |
| ISO 3166 code | CI |
| Internet TLD | .ci |
| |
Japan | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: 君が代 Kimigayo "His Imperial Majesty's Reign" | |
| Government Seal | |
Territory controlled by Japan in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled shown in light green | |
| Capital and largest city | Tokyo 35°41′N 139°46′E / 35.683°N 139.767°E |
| Official languages | Japanese (de facto) |
| Demonym(s) | Japanese |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Emperor | Naruhito |
| Fumio Kishida | |
| Legislature | National Diet |
| House of Councillors | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Formation | |
| February 11, 660 BC | |
| November 29, 1890 | |
| May 3, 1947 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 377,975 km2 (145,937 sq mi)[1] (62nd) |
• Water (%) | 1.4 (2015)[2] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• 2020 census | 126,226,568[4] |
• Density | 330/km2 (854.7/sq mi) (44th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 19th |
| Currency | Japanese yen (¥) |
| Time zone | UTC+09:00 (JST) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +81 |
| ISO 3166 code | JP |
| Internet TLD | .jp |
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan | |
|---|---|
| Motto: الله، الوطن، الملك Allāh, Al-Waṭan, Al-Malik "God, Country, King"[1] | |
| Anthem: السلام الملكي الأردني As-Salām Al-Malakī Al-ʾUrdunī "The Royal Anthem of Jordan" | |
| Capital and largest city | Amman 31°57′N 35°56′E / 31.950°N 35.933°E |
| Official languages | Arabic[2] |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Jordanian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Abdullah II |
| Bisher Khasawneh | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Emirate | 11 April 1921 |
| 25 May 1946 | |
| 11 January 1952 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 89,342 km2 (34,495 sq mi) (110th) |
• Water (%) | 0.6 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 11,180,568[3] (84th) |
• 2015 census | 9,531,712[4] |
• Density | 114/km2 (295.3/sq mi) (70th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini | 35.4[6] medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 102nd |
| Currency | Jordanian dinar (JOD) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +962 |
| ISO 3166 code | JO |
| Internet TLD | .jo .الاردن |
Website jordan.gov.jo | |
Republic of Kazakhstan | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Менің Қазақстаным (Kazakh) Menıñ Qazaqstanym "My Kazakhstan" | |
| Capital | Astana 51°10′N 71°26′E / 51.167°N 71.433°E |
| Largest city | Almaty 43°16′39″N 76°53′45″E / 43.27750°N 76.89583°E |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2021)[1] | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Kazakhstani[a] |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic |
| Kassym-Jomart Tokayev | |
| Älihan Smaiylov | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| Majilis | |
| Formation | |
| 1465 | |
| 13 December 1917 | |
| 26 August 1920 | |
| 19 June 1925 | |
| 5 December 1936 | |
• Declaration of sovereignty | 25 October 1990 |
• Reconstituted as the Republic of Kazakhstan | 10 December 1991 |
• Independence from the USSR | 16 December 1991 |
| 26 December 1991 | |
| 30 August 1995 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,724,900 km2 (1,052,100 sq mi) (9th) |
• Water (%) | 1.7 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 19,398,331[4] (64th) |
• Density | 7/km2 (18.1/sq mi) (236th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 56th |
| Currency | Tenge (₸) (KZT) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 / +6 (West / East) |
| Date format | yyyy.dd.mm[b] |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +7 (6xx / 7xx) |
| ISO 3166 code | KZ |
| Internet TLD | |
Republic of Kenya Jamhuri ya Kenya (Swahili) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Harambee" (English: "Let us all pull together") | |
| Anthem: "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu" (English: "O God of all creation") | |
| Capital and largest city | Nairobi 1°16′S 36°48′E / 1.267°S 36.800°E |
| Official languages | [1] |
| National language | Swahili[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2019 census[2]) | |
| Religion (2019 census[2]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Kenyan |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| William Ruto | |
| Rigathi Gachagua | |
| Amason Kingi | |
| Moses Wetangula | |
| Martha Koome | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Dominion | 12 December 1963 |
• Republic | 12 December 1964 |
| Area | |
• Total | 580,367 km2 (224,081 sq mi)[3][4] (48th) |
• Water (%) | 2.3 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 55,864,655[5] (27th) |
• 2019 census | 47,564,296[6] |
• Density | 78/km2 (202.0/sq mi) (124th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2015) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 152nd |
| Currency | Kenyan shilling (KES) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (East Africa Time) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yy (AD) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +254 |
| ISO 3166 code | KE |
| Internet TLD | .ke |
According to the CIA, estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of mortality because of AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex, than would otherwise be expected.[10] | |
Republic of Kiribati Kiribati (Gilbertese) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Te Mauri, te Raoi ao te Tabomoa" "Health, Peace and Prosperity" | |
| Anthem: Kunan Kiribati ("Song of Kiribati") | |
| Capital and largest city | South Tarawa on Tarawa[1][2][3][4][5] 1°28′N 173°2′E / 1.467°N 173.033°E |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2020) |
|
| Religion (2020) |
|
| Demonym(s) | I-Kiribati |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency |
| Taneti Maamau | |
| Teuea Toatu | |
| Legislature | House of Assembly |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Granted | 12 July 1979 |
| Area | |
• Total | 811 km2 (313 sq mi) (172nd) |
| Population | |
• 2021 [7] estimate | 121,388 (192nd) |
• Density | 151.9/km2 (393.4/sq mi) (55th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $255 million |
• Per capita | $2,135[8] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $187 million |
• Per capita | $1,599[8] |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 136th |
| Currency | Australian dollar ($) [10] (AUD) |
| Time zone | UTC+12, +13, +14 |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +686 |
| ISO 3166 code | KI |
| Internet TLD | .ki |
Democratic People's Republic of Korea | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: 애국가 Aegukka "The Patriotic Song" | |
Territory controlled by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled in light green | |
| Capital and largest city | Pyongyang 39°2′N 125°45′E / 39.033°N 125.750°E |
| Official languages | Korean (Munhwaŏ) |
| Official script | Chosŏn'gŭl |
| Religion (2007) |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary one-party socialist republic under a totalitarian hereditary dictatorship |
| Kim Jong Un | |
• Premier and SAC Vice President | Kim Tok-hun |
| Choe Ryong-hae | |
| Pak In-chol | |
| Legislature | Supreme People's Assembly |
| Formation | |
| 3 October 1945 | |
| 8 February 1946 | |
| 22 February 1947 | |
• DPRK established | 9 September 1948 |
| 27 December 1972 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 120,540 km2 (46,540 sq mi)[1] (98th) |
• Water (%) | 0.11 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 26,072,217[2] (55th) |
• Density | 212/km2 (549.1/sq mi) (45th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2015 estimate |
• Total | $40 billion[3] |
• Per capita | $1,800[4] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $16 billion[5] |
• Per capita | $640 |
| Currency | Korean People's won (₩) (KPW) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Pyongyang Time[6]) |
| Date format | |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +850[7] |
| ISO 3166 code | KP |
| Internet TLD | .kp[8] |
Republic of Korea | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: 애국가 Aegukga "The Patriotic Song" | |
| National seal | |
Territory controlled by the Republic of Korea in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled in light green | |
| Capital and largest city | Seoul 37°33′N 126°58′E / 37.550°N 126.967°E |
| Official languages | Korean (Pyojuneo) Korean Sign Language[1] |
| Official script | Hangul |
| Ethnic groups (2019)[2] | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary presidential constitutional republic |
| Yoon Suk-yeol | |
| Han Duck-soo | |
| Kim Jin-pyo | |
| Kim Myeong-soo | |
| Yoo Nam-seok | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Establishment history | |
• Gojoseon | 2333 BCE (mythological) |
| 57 BCE | |
| 668 | |
• Goryeo dynasty | 918 |
• Joseon dynasty | 17 July 1392 |
| 12 October 1897 | |
| 22 August 1910 | |
| 1 March 1919 | |
| 11 April 1919 | |
| 2 September 1945 | |
• US administration of Korea south of the 38th parallel | 8 September 1945 |
| 15 August 1948 | |
| 25 February 1988 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 100,363 km2 (38,750 sq mi) (107th) |
• Water (%) | 0.3 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 51,966,948[5] (28th) |
• Density | 507/km2 (1,313.1/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 19th |
| Currency | Korean Republic won (₩) (KRW) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Korea Standard Time) |
| Date format |
|
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +82 |
| ISO 3166 code | KR |
| Internet TLD | |
State of Kuwait | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: النشيد الوطني an-Nashīd al-Waṭani "National Anthem" | |
Location of Kuwait (green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Kuwait City |
| Official languages | Arabic[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2018)[2] | |
| Religion (2013)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Kuwaiti |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy[3] |
• Emir | Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah |
| Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah | |
| Ahmad Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah | |
| Marzouq Al-Ghanim | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Establishment | |
| 1613 | |
• Independence from the Bani Khalid Emirate | 1752 |
| 23 January 1899 | |
| 29 July 1913 | |
• End of treaties with the United Kingdom | 19 June 1961 |
| 14 May 1963 | |
| 11 November 1962 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 17,818 km2 (6,880 sq mi) (152nd) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 4,294,621[4] (137th) |
• Density | 200.2/km2 (518.5/sq mi) (62st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 50th |
| Currency | Kuwaiti dinar |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (AST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +965 |
| ISO 3166 code | KW |
| Internet TLD | .kw |
Website www.e.gov.kw | |
| |
Kyrgyz Republic | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Кыргыз Республикасынын Мамлекеттик Гимни (Kyrgyz) "National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic" | |
Location of Kyrgyzstan (dark green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Bishkek 42°52′N 74°36′E / 42.867°N 74.600°E |
| Official languages | |
| Official script | Cyrillic |
| Spoken languages | |
| Ethnic groups (end of 2021[2]) | |
| Religion (2021)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Kyrgyz |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Sadyr Japarov | |
| Akylbek Japarov | |
| Nurlanbek Shakiev | |
| Legislature | Supreme Council |
| Formation History | |
| 693 | |
| 1470 | |
• From Russia | 27 November 1917 |
| 5 December 1936 | |
| 31 August 1991 | |
| 26 December 1991 | |
| 11 April 2021 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 199,951 km2 (77,202 sq mi) (85th) |
• Water | 7,198 km2 (2,779 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 3.6 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 7,000,000[5] (112th[6]) |
• Density | 27.4/km2 (71.0/sq mi) (109th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | low |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 118th |
| Currency | Kyrgyzstani som (c) (KGS) |
| Time zone | UTC+6 (KGT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +996 |
| ISO 3166 code | KG |
| Internet TLD | .kg |
Lao People's Democratic Republic | |
|---|---|
| Motto: ສັນຕິພາບ ເອກະລາດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ເອກະພາບ ວັດທະນະຖາວອນ Santiphap, Ekalat, Paxathipatai, Ekaphap, Vatthanathavon "Peace, Independence, Democracy, Unity and Prosperity" | |
| Anthem: ເພງຊາດລາວ Pheng Xat Lao "Hymn of the Lao People" | |
| Capital and largest city | Vientiane 17°58′N 102°36′E / 17.967°N 102.600°E |
| Official languages | Lao |
| Spoken languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2015[2]) | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Lao Laotian |
| Government | Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic |
| Thongloun Sisoulith | |
| Bounthong Chitmany Pany Yathotou | |
| Sonexay Siphandone | |
| Saysomphone Phomvihane | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Formation | |
| 1353–1707 | |
| 1707–1778 | |
• Vassals of Siam | 1778–1893 |
| 1893–1953 | |
| 11 May 1947 | |
| 22 October 1953 | |
| 2 December 1975 | |
| 14 August 1991 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 236,800 km2 (91,400 sq mi)[5] (82nd) |
• Water (%) | 2 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 7,749,595[5] (103rd) |
• Density | 26.7/km2 (69.2/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2012) | 36.4[7] medium |
| HDI (2022) | medium · 138th |
| Currency | Kip (₭) (LAK) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +856 |
| ISO 3166 code | LA |
| Internet TLD | .la |
Republic of Latvia | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Dievs, svētī Latviju! (Latvian) ("God Bless Latvia!") | |
Location of Latvia (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Riga 56°57′N 24°6′E / 56.950°N 24.100°E |
| Official languages | Latviana |
| Recognized languages | Livonian Latgalian |
| Ethnic groups (2022[1]) |
|
| Religion (2018)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Latvian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Egils Levits | |
| Krišjānis Kariņš | |
| Edvards Smiltēns | |
| Legislature | Saeima |
| Independence from Germany and the Soviet Union | |
| 18 November 1918 | |
| 26 January 1921 | |
| 7 November 1922 | |
| 21 August 1991 | |
| 1 May 2004 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 64,589 km2 (24,938 sq mi) (122nd) |
• Water (%) | 2.09 (2015)[5] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 1,842,226[6] (153rd) |
• Density | 29.6/km2 (76.7/sq mi) (147th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 39th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +371 |
| ISO 3166 code | LV |
| Internet TLD | .lvc |
| |
Republic of Lebanon | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: كلّنا للوطن (Arabic) Koullouna lilouaṭaan lil oula lil alam "All of us, for our country!" | |
Location of Lebanon (in green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Beirut 33°54′N 35°32′E / 33.900°N 35.533°E |
| Official languages | Arabic[nb 1] |
| Recognised languages | French |
| Local vernacular | Lebanese Arabic |
| Ethnic groups (2021[1]) | |
| Religion (Estimated[nb 4]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Lebanese |
| Government | Unitary confessionalist parliamentary republic[8] |
| Vacant | |
| Najib Mikati | |
| Nabih Berri | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Establishment | |
| 1516 | |
| 1 December 1843 | |
| 9 June 1861 | |
| 1 September 1920 | |
| 23 May 1926 | |
• Independence declared | 22 November 1943 |
• French mandate ended | 24 October 1945 |
• Withdrawal of French forces | 17 April 1946 |
| 24 May 2000 | |
| 30 April 2005 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 10,452 km2 (4,036 sq mi) (161st) |
• Water (%) | 1.8 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 5,296,814[9] (122nd) |
• Density | 560/km2 (1,450.4/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2011) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 112th |
| Currency | Lebanese pound (LBP) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Driving side | right[13] |
| Calling code | +961[14] |
| ISO 3166 code | LB |
| Internet TLD | .lb |
Kingdom of Lesotho Naha ea Lesotho (Sotho) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Khotso, Pula, Nala" "Peace, Rain, Prosperity" | |
| Anthem: Lesōthō Fatše La Bo-Ntat'a Rōna (English: "Lesotho, land of our Fathers") | |
| Capital and largest city | Maseru 29°28′S 27°56′E / 29.467°S 27.933°E |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion (2022)[1] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Letsie III |
| Sam Matekane | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Independence from United Kingdom | |
• Declared | 4 October 1966 |
| Area | |
• Total | 30,355 km2 (11,720 sq mi) (137th) |
• Water (%) | 0.0032% |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 2,281,454[2][3] (144th) |
• 2004 census | 2,142,249 |
• Density | 68.1/km2 (176.4/sq mi) (138th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | $5.762 billion[4] |
• Per capita | $2,761[4] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | $2.478 billion[4] |
• Per capita | $1,187[4] |
| Gini (2017) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 168th |
| Currency | Lesotho Loti (LSL) South African rand (ZAR) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (South African Standard Time) |
| Date format | yyyy-mm-dd dd/mm/yyyy[a] |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +266 |
| ISO 3166 code | LS |
| Internet TLD | .ls |
Republic of Liberia | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "The Love of Liberty Brought Us Here" | |
| Anthem: "All Hail, Liberia, Hail!" | |
Location of Liberia (dark green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Monrovia 6°19′N 10°48′W / 6.317°N 10.800°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Ethnic groups (2008[1]) | |
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Liberian |
| Government | Unitary presidential constitutional republic |
| George Weah | |
| Jewel Taylor | |
| Bhofal Chambers | |
| Sie-A-Nyene Yuoh | |
| Legislature | Legislature of Liberia |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Formation and Independence from American Colonization Society | |
• American Colonization Society settlement | January 7, 1822 |
| July 26, 1847 | |
• Republic of Maryland annexed | March 18, 1857 |
• Recognition by the United States | February 5, 1862 |
• United Nations membership | November 2, 1945 |
| January 6, 1986 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 43,000[1] sq mi (111,370 km2) (102nd) |
• Water (%) | 13.514 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 5,358,483[3] (121st) |
• Density | 92.0/sq mi (35.5/km2) (180th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2016) | 35.3[5] medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 178th |
| Currency | Liberian dollar (LRD) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Date format | mm/dd/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +231 |
| ISO 3166 code | LR |
| Internet TLD | .lr |
Website www | |
State of Libya
| |
|---|---|
| Anthem: ليبيا ليبيا ليبيا "Libya, Libya, Libya" | |
Location of Libya (dark green) in northern Africa | |
| Capital and largest city | Tripoli[1]
32°52′N 13°11′E / 32.867°N 13.183°E |
| Official languages | Arabic[b] |
| Local vernacular | Libyan Arabic |
| Ethnic groups (2017)[2] | |
| Religion | 99.7% Islam (official) 0.3% Others |
| Demonym(s) | Libyan |
| Government | Unitary provisional unity government |
• Chairman of the Presidential Council | Mohamed al-Menfi |
| Musa Al-Koni | |
| Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh (disputed)[n 1] | |
| Aguila Saleh Issa | |
| Legislature | House of Representatives |
| Independence from Italy | |
• Independence declared | 10 February 1947 |
| 24 December 1951 | |
| 1 September 1969 | |
| 2 March 1977 | |
| 17 February 2011 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,759,541 km2 (679,363 sq mi) (16th) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 7,054,493[3] (104th) |
• 2006 census | 5,670,688 |
• Density | 3.74/km2 (9.7/sq mi) (218th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| HDI (2021) | high · 104th |
| Currency | Libyan dinar (LYD) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +218 |
| ISO 3166 code | LY |
| Internet TLD | .ly ليبيا. |
| |
Principality of Liechtenstein Fürstentum Liechtenstein (German) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Für Gott, Fürst und Vaterland" "For God, Prince and Fatherland" | |
| Anthem: | |
| Capital | Vaduz |
| Largest municipality | Schaan 47°10′00″N 9°30′35″E / 47.16667°N 9.50972°E |
| Official languages | German |
| Ethnic groups (2017)[1] |
|
| Religion (2015)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Liechtensteiner |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy under a semi-direct democracy |
• Monarch | Hans-Adam II |
• Regent | Alois |
| Daniel Risch | |
| Legislature | Landtag |
| Independence as principality | |
• Union between Vaduz and Schellenberg | 23 January 1719 |
| 12 July 1806 | |
• Separation from German Confederation | 23 August 1866 |
| Area | |
• Total | 160 km2 (62 sq mi) (190th) |
• Water (%) | 2.7[3] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 38,387[4] (189th) |
• Density | 237/km2 (613.8/sq mi) (57th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2013 estimate |
• Total | $5.3 billion[5] (149th) |
• Per capita | $98,432[6][7][8] (3rd) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $6.872 billion[9][7][8] (147th) |
• Per capita | $180,000[9][6][7][8] (1st) |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 16th |
| Currency | Swiss franc (CHF) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +423 |
| ISO 3166 code | LI |
| Internet TLD | .li |
Republic of Lithuania Lietuvos Respublika (Lithuanian) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Tautiška giesmė "National Hymn" | |
Location of Lithuania (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Vilnius 54°41′N 25°19′E / 54.683°N 25.317°E |
| Official languages | Lithuanian[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2021[2]) |
|
| Religion (2021[3]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Lithuanian |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic[4][5][6][7] |
| Gitanas Nausėda | |
| Ingrida Šimonytė | |
| Viktorija Čmilytė-Nielsen | |
| Legislature | Seimas |
| Formation | |
| 9 March 1009 | |
| 1236 | |
• Coronation of Mindaugas | 6 July 1253 |
| 2 February 1386 | |
• Commonwealth created | 1 July 1569 |
| 24 October 1795 | |
| 16 February 1918 | |
| 11 March 1990 | |
| 29 March 2004 | |
| 1 May 2004 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 65,300 km2 (25,200 sq mi) (121st) |
• Water (%) | 1.98 (2015)[8] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• Density | 43/km2 (111.4/sq mi) (138th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 35th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Date format | yyyy-mm-dd (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +370 |
| ISO 3166 code | LT |
| Internet TLD | .lta |
Website lithuania | |
| |
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
| |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Mir wëlle bleiwe wat mir sinn" (Luxembourgish) "Nous voulons rester ce que nous sommes" (French) "Wir wollen bleiben, was wir sind" (German) "We want to remain what we are" | |
| Anthem: "Ons Heemecht" ("Our Homeland") | |
Location of Luxembourg (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark gray) | |
| Capital and largest city | Luxembourg[1] 49°48′52″N 06°07′54″E / 49.81444°N 6.13167°ECoordinates: 49°48′52″N 06°07′54″E / 49.81444°N 6.13167°E |
| Official languages | |
| Nationality (2017) |
|
| Religion (2018[2]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
| Henri | |
| Xavier Bettel | |
| Legislature | Chamber of Deputies |
| Independence | |
• from the French Empire and elevation to Grand Duchy of Luxembourg | 15 March 1815 |
• Independence in personal Union with the Netherlands (Treaty of London) | 19 April 1839 |
• Reaffirmation of Independence Treaty of London | 11 May 1867 |
• End of personal union with the Kingdom of the Netherlands | 23 November 1890 |
• Occupation during World War I by the German Empire | 1 August 1914 |
• Liberation from the Greater German Reich | 1944 / 1945 |
• Admitted to the United Nations | 24 October 1945 |
| 1 January 1958 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,586.4 km2 (998.6 sq mi) (168th) |
• Water (%) | 0.23 (2015)[3] |
| Population | |
• January 2022 estimate | |
• 2022 census | 645,397 [5] |
• Density | 242/km2 (626.8/sq mi) (58th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 17th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Note: Although Luxembourg is located in Western European Time/UTC (Z) zone, since 1 June 1904, LMT (UTC+0:24:36) was abandoned and Central European Time/UTC+1 was adopted as standard time,[1] with a +0:35:24 offset (+1:35:24 during DST) from Luxembourg City's LMT. | |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +352 |
| ISO 3166 code | LU |
| Internet TLD | .lub |
| |
Republic of Madagascar | |
|---|---|
Motto:
| |
| Anthem: Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô! (Malagasy) Ô Terre de nos ancêtres bien-aimés! (French) "Oh, beloved land of our ancestors!" | |
Location of Madagascar (dark green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Antananarivo 18°55′S 47°31′E / 18.917°S 47.517°E |
| Official languages | Malagasy • French |
| Ethnic groups (2007)[2] | |
| Religion (2020)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Malagasy[4][5] |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
| Andry Rajoelina | |
| Christian Ntsay | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Formation | |
| 1540 | |
| 6 August 1896 | |
• Republic proclaimed | 14 October 1958 |
| 26 June 1960 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 587,041 km2 (226,658 sq mi) (46th) |
• Water | 5,501 km2 (2,124 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 0.9% |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 28,812,195[8] (52nd) |
• Density | 47.7/km2 (123.5/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2012) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 173rd |
| Currency | Ariary (MGA) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (not observed[12]) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +261[12] |
| ISO 3166 code | MG |
| Internet TLD | .mg |
Republic of Malawi | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Unity and Freedom" | |
| Anthem: Mlungu dalitsani Malaŵi (Chichewa) (English: "O God Bless Our Land of Malawi")[1] | |
Location of Malawi (dark green) in southeast Africa | |
| Capital and largest city | Lilongwe 13°57′S 33°42′E / 13.950°S 33.700°E |
| Official languages | |
| Spoken languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2018 census[3]) | |
| Religion (2018 census)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Malawian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Lazarus Chakwera | |
| Saulos Chilima | |
| Catherine Gotani Hara | |
| Rizine Mzikamanda | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Dominion | 6 July 1964 |
• Republic | 6 July 1966 |
• Current constitution | 18 May 1994 |
| Area | |
• Total | 118,484 km2 (45,747 sq mi) (99th) |
• Water (%) | 20.6% |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | |
• 2018 census | 17,563,749[3] |
• Density | 153.1/km2 (396.5/sq mi) (56th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $35.0 billion[6] (137th) |
• Per capita | $1,558[6] (186th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $11.5 billion[6] (149th) |
• Per capita | $523[6] (190th) |
| Gini (2016) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 169th |
| Currency | Malawian kwacha (D) (MWK) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +265[9] |
| ISO 3166 code | MW |
| Internet TLD | .mw[9] |
* Population estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected.
| |
Malaysia | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Bersekutu Bertambah Mutu[1] برسکوتو برتمبه موتو (Jawi) "Unity is Strength" | |
| Anthem: Negaraku "My Country" | |
| Capital and largest city | Kuala Lumpur[fn 1] 3°8′N 101°41′E / 3.133°N 101.683°E |
| Administrative center | Putrajaya[fn 2] 2°56′N 101°42′E / 2.933°N 101.700°E |
| Official languages | Malay[a][b][c] |
| Recognised language | English[c] |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion (2020)[5] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Malaysian |
| Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional elective monarchy |
• Monarch | Abdullah |
| Anwar Ibrahim | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Dewan Negara (Senate) | |
| Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives) | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 31 August 1957[6] | |
| 22 July 1963 | |
| 31 August 1963[7] | |
| 16 September 1963 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 330,803 km2 (127,724 sq mi) (67th) |
• Water (%) | 0.3 |
| Population | |
• Feb 2023 estimate | 32,770,600[8] (46th) |
• 2020 census | 32,447,385[9] |
• Density | 98/km2 (253.8/sq mi) (116th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2015) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 62nd |
| Currency | Ringgit (RM) (MYR) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (MST) |
| Date format | dd-mm-yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +60 |
| ISO 3166 code | MY |
| Internet TLD | .my |
Republic of Maldives
| |
|---|---|
| Motto: الدولة المحلديبية (Arabic) "State of the Mahal Dibiyat" | |
| Anthem: ޤައުމީ ސަލާމް (Dhivehi) Qaumee Salaam "National Salute" | |
Location of Maldives in the Indian Ocean | |
| Capital and largest city | Malé |
| Official languages | Dhivehi |
| Recognised languages | English |
| Ethnic groups (2019) | ≈100% Maldivians[1][2][3] |
| Religion | Sunni Islam (official) |
| Demonym(s) | Maldivian |
| Government | Unitary presidential constitutional republic |
| Ibrahim Mohamed Solih[4] | |
| Faisal Naseem[5] | |
• Speaker of the Majlis | Mohamed Nasheed[6] |
| Ahmed Muthasim Adnan[7] | |
| Legislature | People's Majlis |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Independence regained | 26 July 1965 |
• Republic proclaimed | 11 November 1968 |
| 7 August 2008 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 300[8] km2 (120 sq mi) (187th) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 579,330 or 392,040a[9] (178th) |
• 2014 census | 437,535 or 339,761a[9] |
• Density | 1,102.5/km2 (2,855.5/sq mi) (8th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2017) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 90th |
| Currency |
|
| Time zone | UTC+5 (Maldives Time) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +960 |
| ISO 3166 code | MV |
| Internet TLD | .mv |
| |
Republic of Mali République du Mali (French) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Un peuple, un but, une foi" (French) "One people, one goal, one faith" | |
| Anthem: "Le Mali" (French) | |
Location of Mali (green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Bamako 12°39′N 8°0′W / 12.650°N 8.000°W |
| Official languages | French |
| Other languages | Languages of Mali |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2021)[2] | |
| Demonym(s) | Malian |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic under a military junta[3] |
| Assimi Goïta (interim) | |
| Choguel Kokalla Maïga (acting) | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Formation | |
• Establishment of the Sudanese Republic | 24 November 1958 |
• Merger with Senegal to create the Mali Federation | 4 April 1959 |
• Independence from France | 20 June 1960 |
• Dissolution of the Mali Federation | 20 August 1960 |
• Declaration of the Republic of Mali | 22 September 1960 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,240,192 km2 (478,841 sq mi) (23rd) |
• Water (%) | 1.6 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 21,473,764[4] (60th) |
• November 2018 census | 19,329,841[5] |
• Density | 11.7/km2 (30.3/sq mi) (215th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2010) | 33.0[7] medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 186th |
| Currency | West African CFA franc (XOF) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right[9] |
| Calling code | +223 |
| ISO 3166 code | ML |
| Internet TLD | .ml |
Republic of Malta Repubblika ta' Malta (Maltese) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Virtute et constantia (Latin) "Strength and persistence" | |
| Anthem: L-Innu Malti (Maltese) "The Maltese Hymn" | |
Location of Malta (green circle) – in Europe (light green & dark grey) | |
| Capital | Valletta 35°54′N 14°31′E / 35.900°N 14.517°ECoordinates: 35°54′N 14°31′E / 35.900°N 14.517°E |
| Largest administrative unit | St. Paul's Bay[1] |
| Official languages | |
| Other language | Italian (66% conversational) |
| Ethnic groups (2021[2]) | |
| Religion (2019)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Maltese |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| George Vella | |
| Robert Abela | |
| Legislature | Parliament of Malta |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 21 September 1964 | |
• Republic | 13 December 1974 |
| Area | |
• Total | 316[4] km2 (122 sq mi) (186th) |
• Water (%) | 0.001 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 519,562[5] (167th) |
• 2011 census | 417,432[6] |
• Density | 1,649/km2 (4,270.9/sq mi) (5th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 23rd |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (Central European Time) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (Central European Summer Time) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (AD) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +356 |
| ISO 3166 code | MT |
| Internet TLD | .mt[c] |
Republic of the Marshall Islands Aolepān Aorōkin Ṃajeḷ (Marshallese) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Jepilpilin ke ejukaan" "Accomplishment through joint effort" | |
| Anthem: "Forever Marshall Islands" | |
| Capital and largest city | Delap-Uliga-Djarrit on Majuro[1] 7°7′N 171°4′E / 7.117°N 171.067°E |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2006[2]) |
|
| Religion (2020) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Marshallese |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency |
| David Kabua | |
• Speaker | Kenneth Kedi[4] |
| Legislature | Nitijela |
| Independence from the United States | |
• Self-government | May 1, 1979 |
| October 21, 1986 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 181.43 km2 (70.05 sq mi) (189th) |
• Water (%) | n/a (negligible) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 61,988[5] (187th) |
• 2011 census | 53,158[6] |
• Density | 293.0/km2 (758.9/sq mi) (28th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $215 million |
• Per capita | $3,789[7] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $220 million |
• Per capita | $3,866[7] |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 131st |
| Currency | United States dollar (USD) |
| Time zone | UTC+12 (MHT) |
| Date format | MM/DD/YYYY |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +692 |
| ISO 3166 code | MH |
| Internet TLD | .mh |
| |
Islamic Republic of Mauritania | |
|---|---|
| Motto: شرف، إخاء، عدل "Honour, Fraternity, Justice" | |
| Anthem: النشيد الوطني الموريتاني "Land of the Proud, Guided by Noblemen" | |
Location of Mauritania (dark green) in western Africa | |
| Capital and largest city | Nouakchott 18°09′N 15°58′W / 18.150°N 15.967°W |
| Official languages | |
| Spoken languages | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion | Sunni Islam (official) |
| Demonym(s) | Mauritanian |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential Islamic republic |
| Mohamed Ould Ghazouani | |
| Mohammed Ould Bilal | |
| Cheikh Ahmed Baye[2] | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence | |
• Republic established | 28 November 1958 |
• Independence from France | 28 November 1960 |
• Current constitution | 12 July 1991 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,030,000 km2 (400,000 sq mi)[3] (28th) |
• Water (%) | 0.03 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 4,614,974[4][5] |
• 2013 census | 3,537,368[3] |
• Density | 3.4/km2 (8.8/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $30.013 billion[6] (146th) |
• Per capita | $6,925[6] (132nd) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $10.091 billion[6] (151st) |
• Per capita | $2,328[6] (144th) |
| Gini (2014) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 158th |
| Currency | Ouguiya (MRU) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +222 |
| ISO 3166 code | MR |
| Internet TLD | .mr |
Republic of Mauritius | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Stella Clavisque Maris Indici (Latin)[1] "Star and Key of the Indian Ocean" | |
| Anthem: "Motherland" | |
Islands of the Republic of Mauritius (excluding Chagos Archipelago and Tromelin Island) | |
Islands of the Republic of Mauritius labelled in black; Chagos Archipelago and Tromelin are claimed by Mauritius. | |
| Capital and largest city | Port Louis 20°12′S 57°30′E / 20.2°S 57.5°ECoordinates: 20°12′S 57°30′E / 20.2°S 57.5°E |
| Official languages | None (de jure) (de facto)[2] |
| Lingua franca | Mauritian Creole |
| Language Spoken at Home |
|
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2011 census)[5] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Mauritian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Prithvirajsing Roopun | |
| Eddy Boissézon | |
| Pravind Jugnauth | |
| Sooroojdev Phokeer | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 12 March 1968 | |
• Republic | 12 March 1992 |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,040 km2 (790 sq mi) (169th) |
• Water (%) | 0.07 |
| Population | |
• 2019 estimate | 1,265,475[6] (158th) |
• 2011 census | 1,237,091[7] |
• Density | 618.24/km2 (1,601.2/sq mi) (21st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2017) | 36.8[9] medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 64th |
| Currency | Mauritian rupee (MUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (MUT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (AD) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +230 |
| ISO 3166 code | MU |
| Internet TLD | .mu |
United Mexican States Estados Unidos Mexicanos (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: La Patria Es Primero (Spanish) ("The Homeland is First") | |
| Anthem: Himno Nacional Mexicano ("Mexican National Anthem") | |
| Capital and largest city | Mexico City 19°26′N 99°8′W / 19.433°N 99.133°W |
| Official languages |
|
| Recognized regional languages | Spanish and 68 Amerindian languages[a] |
| National language | Spanish (de facto)[b] |
| Ethnic groups | See below |
| Religion (2022)[1] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Mexican |
| Government | Federal presidential republic[2] |
| Andrés Manuel López Obrador | |
| Alejandro Armenta Mier | |
| Santiago Creel | |
| Norma Lucía Piña Hernández | |
| Legislature | Congress |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Independence from Spain | |
• Declared | 16 September 1810 |
| 27 September 1821 | |
| 28 December 1836 | |
| 4 October 1824 | |
| 5 February 1857 | |
| 5 February 1917 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,972,550 km2 (761,610 sq mi) (13th) |
• Water (%) | 1.58 (as of 2015)[3] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 129,150,971[4] (10th) |
• 2020 census | 126,014,024[5] (10th) |
• Density | 61/km2 (158.0/sq mi) (142nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 86th |
| Currency | Mexican peso (MXN) |
| Time zone | UTC−8 to −5 (See Time in Mexico) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−7 to −5 (varies) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +52 |
| ISO 3166 code | MX |
| Internet TLD | .mx |
Federated States of Micronesia | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motto: "Peace, Unity, Liberty" | |||||||
| Anthem: "Patriots of Micronesia" | |||||||
| Capital | Palikir 6°55′N 158°11′E / 6.917°N 158.183°E | ||||||
| Largest town | Weno[1] | ||||||
| Official language | English | ||||||
| Recognized regional languages | |||||||
| Ethnic groups (2000) |
| ||||||
| Religion (2016)[2] |
| ||||||
| Demonym(s) | Micronesian | ||||||
| Government | Federal assembly-independent republic under a non-partisan democracy | ||||||
| David Panuelo | |||||||
| Aren Palik | |||||||
| Legislature | Congress | ||||||
| Independence from the United States | |||||||
• Republic proclaimed | May 10, 1979 | ||||||
| November 3, 1986 | |||||||
| Area | |||||||
• Total | 702 km2 (271 sq mi) (177th) | ||||||
• Water (%) | negligible | ||||||
| Population | |||||||
• 2019 estimate | 104,468[3] (181st) | ||||||
• Density | 158.1/km2 (409.5/sq mi) (75th) | ||||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate | ||||||
• Total | $367 million | ||||||
• Per capita | $3,584[4] | ||||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate | ||||||
• Total | $383 million | ||||||
• Per capita | $3,735[4] | ||||||
| Gini (2013) | 40.1[5] medium | ||||||
| HDI (2021) | medium · 134th | ||||||
| Currency | United States dollar (Rai stones are used on multiple islands) (USD) | ||||||
| Time zone | UTC+10 and +11 | ||||||
• Summer (DST) | not observed | ||||||
| Date format | MM/DD/YYYY | ||||||
| Driving side | right | ||||||
| Calling code | +691 | ||||||
| ISO 3166 code | FM | ||||||
| Internet TLD | .fm | ||||||
Website FSMGov.org | |||||||
| |||||||
| |||||||
Republic of Moldova Republica Moldova (Romanian) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Limba noastră "Our language" | |
Location of Moldova in Europe (green) and its uncontrolled territory of Transnistria (light green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Chișinău 47°0′N 28°55′E / 47.000°N 28.917°E |
| Official language and national language | Romanian[1][2] |
| Recognised minority languages[3][4][5] | |
| Ethnic groups (2014; excl. Transnistria)[6] | 82.07% Moldovans / Romanians[a]
6.57% Ukrainians 4.57% Gagauzes 4.06% Russians 1.88% Bulgarians 0.85% Other |
| Religion (2014; excl. Transnistria)[6] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Moldovan |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Maia Sandu | |
| Dorin Recean | |
| Igor Grosu | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Formation | |
| 1346 | |
| 1812 | |
| 15 December 1917 | |
| 9 April 1918 | |
| 12 October 1924 | |
| 2 August 1940 | |
| 2 November 1990 | |
| 27 August 1991a | |
• Constitution adopted | 29 July 1994 |
| Area | |
• Incl. Transnistria | 33,851[7] km2 (13,070 sq mi) (135th) |
• Water (%) | 1.4 (incl. Transnistria) |
• Excl. Transnistria | 30,334 km2 (11,712 sq mi) [b] |
| Population | |
• January 2022 estimate | 2,603,813[9][c] (139th) |
• 2014 census | 2,804,801[6][c] |
• Density | 85.8/km2 (222.2/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | low |
| HDI (2021) | high · 80th |
| Currency | Moldovan leu (MDL) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +373 |
| ISO 3166 code | MD |
| Internet TLD | .md |
| |
Principality of Monaco | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Deo Juvante" (Latin) (English: "With God's Help") | |
| Anthem: Hymne Monégasque (English: "Hymn of Monaco") | |
Location of Monaco (green) in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital | Monaco (city-state) 43°43′52″N 07°25′12″E / 43.73111°N 7.42000°ECoordinates: 43°43′52″N 07°25′12″E / 43.73111°N 7.42000°E |
| Largest quarter | Monte Carlo |
| Official languages | French[1] |
| Common languages | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Albert II |
| Pierre Dartout | |
| Legislature | National Council |
| Independence | |
• House of Grimaldi (under the sovereignty of the Republic of Genoa) | 8 January 1297 |
• from the French Empire | 17 May 1814 |
• from occupation of the Sixth Coalition | 17 June 1814 |
| 2 February 1861 | |
| 5 January 1911 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 2.02 km2 (0.78 sq mi) (194th) |
• Water (%) | negligible[4] |
| Population | |
• 2019 estimate | |
• 2016 census | 37,308[6] |
• Density | 18,713/km2 (48,466.4/sq mi) (1st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2015 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019[b] estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right[10] |
| Calling code | +377 |
| ISO 3166 code | MC |
| Internet TLD | .mc |
| |
Mongolia | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Монгол улсын төрийн дуулал Mongol ulsyn töriin duulal "National Anthem of Mongolia" | |
| Capital and largest city | Ulaanbaatar[a] Coordinates: 48°N 106°E / 48°N 106°E |
| Official languages | Mongolian |
| Official scripts | |
| Ethnic groups (2020[2]) | |
| Religion (2020[2]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Mongolian[b] |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic[3] |
| Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh | |
| Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene | |
| Gombojavyn Zandanshatar | |
| Legislature | State Great Khural |
| Formation | |
| 209 BCE | |
| 1206 | |
• Completion of Qing dynasty conquest | 1691 |
• Declaration of independence from the Qing dynasty | 29 December 1911 |
• Mongolian People's Republic established | 26 November 1924 |
| 13 February 1992 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,564,116 km2 (603,909 sq mi) (18th) |
• Water (%) | 0.67[4] |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 3,227,863[5] (134th) |
• Density | 2.07/km2 (5.4/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | 32.7[7] medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 96th |
| Currency | Tögrög (MNT) |
| Time zone | UTC+7/+8[9] |
| Date format | yyyy.mm.dd (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +976 |
| ISO 3166 code | MN |
| Internet TLD | .mn, .мон |
Montenegro
| |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Oj, svijetla majska zoro (English: "Oh, Bright Dawn of May") | |
| Capital and largest city | Podgorica [1] 42°47′N 19°28′E / 42.783°N 19.467°E |
| Official languages | Montenegrin[2] |
| Languages in official use[3] | |
| Ethnic groups (2011[4]) |
|
| Religion (2011[4]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Montenegrin |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Milo Đukanović (outgoing) | |
| Dritan Abazović (acting) | |
• Speaker | Danijela Đurović (outgoing) |
| Legislature | Skupština |
| Establishment history | |
| 10th century | |
| 1077 | |
| 1356 | |
| 1516 | |
| 1852 | |
| 1878 | |
| 1910 | |
| 1918 | |
• Socialist Republic within SFRY | 1945 |
| 1992 | |
| 2006 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 13,812 km2 (5,333 sq mi) (156th) |
• Water (%) | 2.6 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• Density | 45/km2 (116.5/sq mi) (133rd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $17.191 billion[6] (149th) |
• Per capita | $28,415[6] (63rd) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $6.674 billion[6] (153rd) |
• Per capita | $11,030[6] (73rd) |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 49th |
| Currency | Euro (€)a (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy. |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +382 |
| ISO 3166 code | ME |
| Internet TLD | .me |
| |
Kingdom of Morocco
| |
|---|---|
| Motto: الله، الوطن، الملك (Arabic) ⴰⴽⵓⵛ, ⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ (Standard Moroccan Tamazight) | |
| Anthem: النشيد الوطني (Arabic) ⵉⵣⵍⵉ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ (Standard Moroccan Tamazight) "National Anthem" | |
Location of Morocco in northwest Africa Dark green: Undisputed territory of Morocco Lighter green: Western Sahara, a territory claimed and occupied mostly by Morocco as its Southern Provinces[note 1] | |
| Capital | Rabat 34°02′N 6°51′W / 34.033°N 6.850°W |
| Largest city | Casablanca 33°32′N 7°35′W / 33.533°N 7.583°W |
| Official languages | |
| Spoken languages | |
| Foreign languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2012)[5] | |
| Religion | |
| Demonym(s) | Moroccan |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy[7] |
• King | Mohammed VI |
| Aziz Akhannouch | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| House of Councillors | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Establishment | |
| 788 | |
• 'Alawi dynasty (current dynasty) | c. 1668 |
| 30 March 1912 | |
| 7 April 1956 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 446,300 km2 (172,300 sq mi) or 710,850 km2 (274,460 sq mi)[a] (39th or 57th) |
• Water (%) | 0.056 (250 km2) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 37,984,655[8] (39th) |
• 2014 census | 33,848,242[9] |
• Density | 50.0/km2 (129.5/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2015) | 40.3[11] medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 123th |
| Currency | Moroccan dirham (MAD) |
| Time zone | UTC+1[13] UTC+0 (during Ramadan)[14] |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +212 |
| ISO 3166 code | MA |
| Internet TLD | .ma المغرب. |
Website maroc.ma | |
| |
Republic of Mozambique República de Moçambique (Portuguese) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Pátria Amada (Portuguese) "Beloved Homeland" | |
| Capital and largest city | Maputo 25°57′S 32°35′E / 25.950°S 32.583°E |
| Official languages | Portuguese |
| Recognised regional languages | Makhuwa, Sena, Tsonga, Lomwe, Changana |
| Ethnic groups (2017)[1] |
|
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Mozambican |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party semi-presidential republic[3][4][5] |
| Filipe Nyusi | |
| Adriano Maleiane | |
| Legislature | Assembly of the Republic |
| Formation | |
• Independence from Portugal | 25 June 1975 |
• Admitted to the United Nations | 16 September 1975 |
| 1977–1992 | |
| 21 December 2004 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 801,590 km2 (309,500 sq mi) (35th) |
• Water (%) | 2.2 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 31,693,239[6] (46th) |
• Density | 28.7/km2 (74.3/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2014) | high |
| HDI (2021) | low · 185th |
| Currency | Metical (MZN) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +258 |
| ISO 3166 code | MZ |
| Internet TLD | .mz |
Website www | |
Republic of the Union of Myanmar
| |
|---|---|
| Anthem: ကမ္ဘာမကျေ Kaba Ma Kyei "Till the End of the World" | |
| Status | UN member state under an unrecognised government |
| Capital | Naypyidaw[a] 19°45′N 96°6′E / 19.750°N 96.100°E |
| Largest city | Yangon[b] |
| Official language | Burmese |
| Recognised regional languages | [citation needed] |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion | |
| Demonym(s) | Burmese / Myanma[5] |
| Government | Unitary assembly-independent republic under a military junta |
| Myint Swe (acting) | |
• SAC Chairman and Prime Minister | Min Aung Hlaing |
| Soe Win[a] | |
| Legislature | State Administration Council |
| Formation | |
| 23 December 849 | |
| 16 October 1510 | |
| 29 February 1752 | |
| 1 January 1886 | |
| 4 January 1948 | |
| 2 March 1962 | |
• Renamed from "Burma" to "Myanmar" | 18 June 1989 |
• Restoration of presidency | 30 March 2011 |
| 1 February 2021 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 261,227 sq mi (676,570 km2) (39th) |
• Water (%) | 3.06 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 57,526,449[7] (26th) |
• Density | 196.8/sq mi (76.0/km2) (125th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2017) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 149th |
| Currency | Kyat (K) (MMK) |
| Time zone | UTC+06:30 (MMT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +95 |
| ISO 3166 code | MM |
| Internet TLD | .mm |
Republic of Namibia | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Unity, Liberty, Justice" | |
| Anthem: "Namibia, Land of the Brave" | |
| Capital and largest city | Windhoek 22°34′S 17°5′E / 22.567°S 17.083°E |
| Official languages | English |
| Recognised national languages | |
| Recognised regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2014) | |
| Religion (2013)[9] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Namibian |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party semi-presidential republic[10] |
| Hage Geingob | |
| Nangolo Mbumba | |
| Saara Kuugongelwa | |
| Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah | |
| Peter Shivute | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| National Council | |
| National Assembly | |
| Independence from South Africa | |
| 9 February 1990 | |
• Independence | 21 March 1990 |
| Area | |
• Total | 825,615 km2 (318,772 sq mi) (34th) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 2,550,226 (140th) |
• 2011 census | 2,113,077[11] |
• Density | 3.2/km2 (8.3/sq mi) (235th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2015) | 59.1[13] high |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 139th |
| Currency | Namibian dollar (NAD) South African rand (ZAR) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (CAST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +264 |
| ISO 3166 code | NA |
| Internet TLD | .na |
Republic of Nauru Repubrikin Naoero (Nauruan) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "God's will first" | |
| Anthem: Nauru Bwiema "Nauru, our homeland" | |
| Capital | Yaren (de facto) [a] 00°31′39″S 166°56′06″E / 0.52750°S 166.93500°E |
| Largest city | Denigomodu |
| Official languages | |
| Commonly spoken | English [b] |
| Demonym(s) | Nauruan |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency under a non-partisan democracy[5] |
| Russ Kun | |
| Marcus Stephen | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Independence | |
• from UN trusteeship (from the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand) | 31 January 1968 |
| Area | |
• Total | 21 km2 (8.1 sq mi) (193rd) |
• Water (%) | 0.57 |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 10,834[6][7] (227th) |
• 2011 census | 10,084[8] |
• Density | 480/km2 (1,243.2/sq mi) (25th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | $132 million[9] (192nd) |
• Per capita | $9,995[9] (94th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | $133 million[9] |
• Per capita | $10,125[9] |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) |
| Time zone | UTC+12[10] |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +674 |
| ISO 3166 code | NR |
| Internet TLD | .nr |
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal | |
|---|---|
| Motto: जननी जन्मभूमिश्च स्वर्गादपि गरीयसी (Sanskrit) Janani Janmabhumishcha Swargadapi Gariyasi "Mother and Motherland are Greater Than Heaven" | |
| Anthem: सयौँ थुँगा फूलका (Nepali) Sayaun Thunga Phulka "Made of Hundreds of Flowers" | |
Land controlled by Nepal shown in dark green; land claimed but uncontrolled shown in light green. | |
| Capital and largest city | Kathmandu[1] 28°10′N 84°15′E / 28.167°N 84.250°ECoordinates: 28°10′N 84°15′E / 28.167°N 84.250°E |
| Official languages | Nepali[2] |
| Recognised national languages | All mother-tongues[3][4] (see Languages of Nepal) |
| Ethnic groups (2011)[5] | |
| Religion (2011)[5] | |
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Federal parliamentary republic |
| Ram Chandra Poudel | |
| Ram Sahaya Yadav | |
| Pushpa Kamal Dahal | |
| Hari Krishna Karki[6] | |
| Legislature | Federal Parliament |
| National Assembly | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Independence | |
| 25 September 1768[7] | |
| 4 March 1816 | |
| 21 December 1923 | |
| 28 May 2008 | |
| 20 September 2015 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 147,516 km2 (56,956 sq mi) (93rd) |
• Water (%) | 2.8% |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 30,666,598[10] (49th) |
• Density | 180/km2 (466.2/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2010) | 32.8[12] medium |
| HDI (2019) | medium · 142nd |
| Currency | Nepalese rupee (Rs, रू) (NPR) |
| Time zone | UTC+05:45 (Nepal Standard Time) |
| Date format | YYYY/MM/DD |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +977 |
| ISO 3166 code | NP |
| Internet TLD | .np |
Kingdom of the Netherlands Koninkrijk der Nederlanden (Dutch) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Je maintiendrai" (French)[a] (English: "I will uphold") | |
| Anthem: "Wilhelmus" (Dutch) (English: "William of Nassau") | |
Map of the four constituent countries shown to scale | |
| Capital and largest city | Amsterdam[b] 52°22′N 4°53′E / 52.367°N 4.883°E |
| Government seat | The Hague[b] |
| Official languages | Dutch[c] |
| Official regional languages[c] | |
| Recognised languages[c] | |
| Demonym(s) | Dutch |
| Countries (non‑sovereign parts) | |
| Government | Devolved unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Willem-Alexander |
| Mark Rutte | |
| Guillfred Besaril | |
| Anthony Begina | |
| Rene Violenus | |
| Independence | |
| 26 July 1581 (declared) 30 January 1648 (recognised) | |
| 19 January 1795 | |
| 5 June 1806 | |
• Annexation by First French Empire | 1 July 1810 |
| 16 March 1815 | |
• Secession of Belgium | 4 October 1830 (declared) 19 April 1839 (recognised) |
| 15 December 1954 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 42,531[8] km2 (16,421 sq mi) (131st) |
• Water (%) | 18.96 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | |
• Density | 532/km2 (1,377.9/sq mi) |
| Currency | 4 currencies
|
| Time zone | European Netherlands: CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) (DST) Caribbean Netherlands: AST (UTC-4) DST not observed |
| Date format | dd-mm-yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | |
| ISO 3166 code | NL |
| Internet TLD | |
New Zealand Aotearoa (Māori) | |
|---|---|
| Anthems: "God Defend New Zealand" (Māori: "Aotearoa") "God Save the King"[n 1] | |
Location of New Zealand, including outlying islands, its territorial claim in the Antarctic, and Tokelau | |
| Capital | Wellington 41°18′S 174°47′E / 41.300°S 174.783°E |
| Largest city | Auckland |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2018)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Cindy Kiro | |
| Chris Hipkins | |
| Legislature | Parliament (House of Representatives) |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 6 February 1840 | |
| 7 May 1856 | |
• Dominion | 26 September 1907 |
• Statute of Westminster adopted | 25 November 1947 |
| Area | |
• Total | 268,021 km2 (103,483 sq mi) (75th) |
• Water (%) | 1.6[n 4] |
| Population | |
• April 2023 estimate | |
• 2018 census | 4,699,755[7] |
• Density | 19.1/km2 (49.5/sq mi) (167th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 13th |
| Currency | New Zealand dollar ($) (NZD) |
| Time zone | UTC+12 (NZST[n 5]) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+13 (NZDT[n 6]) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy[12] |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +64 |
| ISO 3166 code | NZ |
| Internet TLD | .nz |
Republic of Nicaragua República de Nicaragua (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: En Dios confiamos (Spanish) "In God We Trust"[a] | |
| Anthem: Salve a ti, Nicaragua (Spanish) "Hail to Thee, Nicaragua" | |
| Capital and largest city | Managua 12°6′N 86°14′W / 12.100°N 86.233°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Recognised regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2011[2]) |
|
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic |
| Daniel Ortega | |
| Rosario Murillo | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence from Spain, Mexico and the Federal Republic of Central America | |
• Declared | 15 September 1821 |
• Recognized | 25 July 1850 |
• from the First Mexican Empire | 1 July 1823 |
• from the Federal Republic of Central America | 31 May 1838 |
• Revolution | 19 July 1979 |
• Current constitution | 9 January 1987[5] |
| Area | |
• Total | 130,375 km2 (50,338 sq mi) (96th) |
• Water (%) | 7.14 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 6,301,880[6] (110th) |
• Density | 51/km2 (132.1/sq mi) (155th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $35.757 billion[7] (115th) |
• Per capita | $5,683[7] (129th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $13.380 billion[7] (127th) |
• Per capita | $2,126[7] (134th) |
| Gini (2014) | 46.2[8] high |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 126th |
| Currency | Córdoba (NIO) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (CST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +505 |
| ISO 3166 code | NI |
| Internet TLD | .ni |
Republic of the Niger République du Niger (French) | |
|---|---|
Motto:
| |
| Anthem: La Nigérienne (English: "The Song of Niger") | |
Location of Niger (dark green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Niamey 13°32′N 2°05′E / 13.533°N 2.083°E |
| Official languages | French |
| National languages[1] | |
| Ethnic groups (2021)[2] | |
| Religion (2012)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Nigerien[4] |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
| Mohamed Bazoum | |
| Ouhoumoudou Mahamadou | |
| Seyni Oumarou | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence from France | |
• Republic proclaimed | 18 December 1958 |
• Declared | 3 August 1960 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,267,000 km2 (489,000 sq mi) (21st) |
• Water (%) | 0.02 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 24,484,587[5] (56th) |
• Density | 12.1/km2 (31.3/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2014) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 189th |
| Currency | West African CFA franc (XOF) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |
| Driving side | right[10] |
| Calling code | +227 |
| ISO 3166 code | NE |
| Internet TLD | .ne |
Federal Republic of Nigeria | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Unity and Faith, Peace and Progress" | |
| Anthem: "Arise, O Compatriots" | |
| Capital | Abuja 9°4′N 7°29′E / 9.067°N 7.483°E |
| Largest city | Lagos |
| Official languages | English |
| National languages | |
| Regional languages[2] | Over 525 languages[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2018)[3] | |
| Demonym(s) | Nigerian |
| Government | Federal presidential republic |
| Muhammadu Buhari | |
| Yemi Osinbajo | |
| Ahmed Lawan | |
| Femi Gbajabiamila | |
| Olukayode Ariwoola | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 1 January 1900 | |
| 1 January 1900 | |
| 1 January 1914 | |
• Declared | 1 October 1960 |
| 1 October 1963 | |
| 29 May 1999 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 923,769 km2 (356,669 sq mi) (31st) |
• Water (%) | 1.4 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 230,842,743[4] (6th) |
• Density | 218/km2 (564.6/sq mi) (42nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 163rd |
| Currency | Naira (₦) (NGN) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (WAT) |
| Driving side | right[8] |
| Calling code | +234 |
| ISO 3166 code | NG |
| Internet TLD | .ng |
Republic of North Macedonia | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Денес над Македонија (Macedonian) "Today over Macedonia" | |
| Capital and largest city | Skopje 42°0′N 21°26′E / 42.000°N 21.433°E |
| Official languages | |
| |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Stevo Pendarovski | |
| Dimitar Kovačevski | |
| Talat Xhaferi | |
| Legislature | Assembly |
| Establishment history | |
| 2 August 1944 | |
| 8 September 1991 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 25,713 km2 (9,928 sq mi) (145th) |
• Water (%) | 1.9 |
| Population | |
• 2021 census | |
• Density | 80.1/km2 (207.5/sq mi) (122nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 78th |
| Currency | Macedonian denar (MKD) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (AD) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +389 |
| ISO 3166 code | MK |
| Internet TLD | |
Kingdom of Norway Other official names
| |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Ja, vi elsker dette landet (English: "Yes, we love this country") | |
Location of the Kingdom of Norway (green) in Europe (green and dark grey) | |
Location of the Kingdom of Norway and its integral overseas territories and dependencies: Svalbard, Jan Mayen, Bouvet Island, Peter I Island, and Queen Maud Land | |
| Capital and largest city | Oslo 59°56′N 10°41′E / 59.933°N 10.683°E |
| Official languages | |
| Recognised national languages | |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Norwegian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Harald V |
| Jonas Gahr Støre | |
| Masud Gharahkhani | |
| Toril Marie Øie | |
| Legislature | Storting |
| History | |
| 872 | |
• Old Kingdom of Norway (Peak extent) | 1263 |
| 1397 | |
| 1524 | |
| 25 February 1814 | |
| 17 May 1814 | |
| 4 November 1814 | |
| 7 June 1905 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 385,207 km2 (148,729 sq mi)[12] (61stb) |
• Water (%) | 5.32 (2015)[13] |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | |
• Density | 14.3/km2 (37.0/sq mi) (213th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 2nd |
| Currency | Norwegian krone (NOK) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +47 |
| ISO 3166 code | NO |
| Internet TLD | .nod |
| |
Sultanate of Oman | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: نشيد السلام السلطاني "as-Salām as-Sultānī" "Sultanic Salutation" | |
Location of Oman in the Arabian Peninsula (dark green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Muscat 23°35′20″N 58°24′30″E / 23.58889°N 58.40833°E |
| Official languages | Arabic[1] |
| Religion (2020) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Omani |
| Government | Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy |
• Sultan | Haitham bin Tariq |
| Theyazin bin Haitham | |
| Legislature | Council of Oman |
| Council of State (Majlis al-Dawla) | |
| Consultative Assembly (Majlis al-Shura) | |
| Establishment | |
• The Azd tribe migration | 130 |
• Al-Julanda | 629 |
| 751 | |
| 1154 | |
| 1507–1656 | |
| 1624 | |
• Al Said dynasty | 1744 |
| 8 January 1856 | |
| 1954–1959 | |
| 9 June 1963 – 11 March 1976 | |
• Sultanate of Oman | 9 August 1970 |
• Admitted to the United Nations | 7 October 1971 |
| 6 January 2021[4] | |
| Area | |
• Total | 309,500 km2 (119,500 sq mi) (70th) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 4,520,471[5][6] (125th) |
• 2010 census | 2,773,479[7] |
• Density | 15/km2 (38.8/sq mi) (177th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | 30.75[10] medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 54th |
| Currency | Omani rial (OMR) |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (GST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +968 |
| ISO 3166 code | OM |
| Internet TLD | .om, عمان. |
Website www.oman.om | |
Islamic Republic of Pakistan | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Īmān, Ittihād, Nazam ایمان، اتحاد، نظم "Faith, Unity, Discipline"[2] | |
| Anthem: Qaumī Tarānah قَومی ترانہ "The National Anthem" | |
Land controlled by Pakistan shown in dark green; land claimed but not controlled shown in light green | |
| Capital | Islamabad 33°41′30″N 73°03′00″E / 33.69167°N 73.05000°E |
| Largest city | Karachi 24°51′36″N 67°00′36″E / 24.86000°N 67.01000°E |
| Official languages | |
| Recognised national languages | Urdu[3] |
| Recognised regional languages | Provincial languages |
| Other languages | Over 77 languages[4] |
| Ethnic groups (2017[a]) | |
| Religion | |
| Demonym(s) | Pakistani |
| Government | Federal Islamic parliamentary republic |
| Arif Alvi | |
| Shehbaz Sharif | |
| Sadiq Sanjrani | |
| Raja Pervaiz Ashraf | |
| Umar Ata Bandial | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 23 March 1940 | |
| 14 August 1947 | |
| 23 March 1956 | |
| 26 March 1971 | |
| 14 August 1973 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 881,913 km2 (340,509 sq mi)[b][9] (33rd) |
• Water (%) | 2.86 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 242,923,845[10] (5th) |
• Density | 244.4/km2 (633.0/sq mi) (56th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | medium |
| HDI (2022) | low · 161st |
| Currency | Pakistani rupee (₨) (PKR) |
| Time zone | UTC+05:00 (PKT) |
| DST is not observed | |
| Date format |
|
| Driving side | left[15] |
| Calling code | +92 |
| ISO 3166 code | PK |
| Internet TLD | |
Republic of Palau Beluu er a Palau (Palauan) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Belau rekid "Our Palau" | |
| Capital | Ngerulmud 7°30′N 134°37′E / 7.500°N 134.617°E |
| Largest city | Koror 7°20′N 134°29′E / 7.333°N 134.483°E |
| Official languages | |
| Recognized regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2015[1]) |
|
| Religion (2015)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Palauan |
| Government | Federal presidential republic under a non-partisan democracy |
| Surangel Whipps Jr. | |
| Uduch Sengebau Senior | |
| Legislature | Olbiil era Kelulau |
| Senate | |
| House of Delegates | |
| Independence from the United States | |
| 18 July 1947 | |
• Constitution | 2 April 1979 |
• Establishment of the Republic of Palau | 1 January 1981 |
| 1 October 1994 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 459 km2 (177 sq mi) (180th) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2018 estimate | 18,024[3][4] (222nd) |
• 2022 census | 18,233 |
• Density | 46.7/km2 (121.0/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $300 million[5] |
• Per capita | $16,296[5] (81st) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $322 million[5] |
• Per capita | $17,438[5] |
| HDI (2021) | high · 80th |
| Currency | United States dollar (USD) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (PWT) |
| Date format | DD-MM-YYYY |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +680 |
| ISO 3166 code | PW |
| Internet TLD | .pw |
Website PalauGov.pw | |
Republic of Panama República de Panamá (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Pro Mundi Beneficio (Latin) "For the Benefit of the World" | |
| Anthem: Himno Istmeño (Spanish) "Hymn of the Isthmus" | |
| Capital and largest city | Panama City 8°58′N 79°32′W / 8.967°N 79.533°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Ethnic groups (2010[1]) |
|
| Religion (2015)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Panamanian |
| Government | Unitary presidential constitutional republic |
| Laurentino Cortizo | |
| Jose Gabriel Carrizo | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence | |
• from Spanish Empire | November 28, 1821 |
• union with Gran Colombia | December 1821 |
• from Republic of Colombia | November 3, 1903 |
| October 11, 1972 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 75,417 km2 (29,119 sq mi)[3][4] (116th) |
• Water (%) | 2.9 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 4,337,768[5] (127th) |
• Density | 56/km2 (145.0/sq mi) (122nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | $128.500 billion[6] (80th) |
• Per capita | $29,608[6] (57th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2021 estimate |
• Total | $59.260 billion[6] (70th) |
• Per capita | $13,849[6] (52nd) |
| Gini (2017) | high |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 61st |
| Currency | |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (EST) |
| Date format | mm/dd/yyyy dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +507 |
| ISO 3166 code | PA |
| Internet TLD | .pa |
Independent State of Papua New Guinea | |
|---|---|
| Motto: 'Unity in diversity'[1] | |
| Anthem: "O Arise, All You Sons"[2] | |
Location of Papua New Guinea (green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Port Moresby 09°28′44″S 147°08′58″E / 9.47889°S 147.14944°E |
| Official languages[3][4] | |
Indigenous languages | 851 languages[5] |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2011 census)[6] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Papua New Guinean |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Bob Dadae | |
| James Marape | |
| Legislature | National Parliament |
| Independence from Australia | |
| 1 July 1949 | |
| 16 September 1975 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 462,840 km2 (178,700 sq mi) (54th) |
• Water (%) | 2 |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | |
• 2011 census | 7,275,324[7] |
• Density | 15/km2 (38.8/sq mi) (201st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $32.382 billion[8] (124th) |
• Per capita | $3,764[8] (145th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $21.543 billion[8] (110th) |
• Per capita | $2,504[8] (129th) |
| Gini (2009) | 41.9[9] medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 156th |
| Currency | Kina (PGK) |
| Time zone | UTC+10, +11 (PNGST) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +675 |
| ISO 3166 code | PG |
| Internet TLD | .pg |
Republic of Paraguay | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Paz y justicia" (Spanish) "Peace and justice" | |
| Anthem: Himno Nacional Paraguayo (Spanish) | |
Location of Paraguay (dark green) in South America (grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Asunción 25°16′S 57°40′W / 25.267°S 57.667°W |
| Official languages[1][2] | |
| Ethnic groups (2019[3]) |
|
| Religion (2018)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Paraguayan |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Mario Abdo Benítez | |
| Hugo Velázquez | |
| Legislature | Congress |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Independence from Spain | |
• Declared | 14 May 1811 |
• Recognized | 25 November 1842 |
| 24 October 1945 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 406,796 km2 (157,065 sq mi) (59th) |
• Water (%) | 2.6 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 7,359,000[5] (104th) |
• Density | 18/km2 (46.6/sq mi) (210th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | 43.5[7] medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 105th |
| Currency | Guaraní (PYG) |
| Time zone | UTC–4 (PYT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC–3 (PYST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +595 |
| ISO 3166 code | PY |
| Internet TLD | .py |
| |
Republic of Peru | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Firme y feliz por la unión" (Spanish) "Firm and Happy for the Union" | |
| Anthem: "Himno Nacional del Perú" (Spanish) "National Anthem of Peru" | |
| National seal Gran Sello del Estado (Spanish) Great Seal of the State | |
| Capital and largest city | Lima 12°2.6′S 77°1.7′W / 12.0433°S 77.0283°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Co-official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2017[b]) |
|
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Peruvian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic[2][3] |
| Dina Boluarte | |
| Vacant | |
| Alberto Otárola | |
| José Williams | |
| Legislature | Congress of the Republic |
| Independence from Spain | |
• Declared | 28 July 1821 |
| 9 December 1824 | |
• Recognized | 14 August 1879 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,285,216 km2 (496,225 sq mi) (19th) |
• Water (%) | 0.41 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 34,352,719[4] (45th) |
• Density | 23/km2 (59.6/sq mi) (198th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 84th |
| Currency | Peruvian sol (PEN) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (PET) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +51 |
| ISO 3166 code | PE |
| Internet TLD | .pe |
Republic of the Philippines Republika ng Pilipinas (Filipino) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa[1] "For God, People, Nature, and Country" | |
| Anthem: "Lupang Hinirang" "Chosen Land" | |
| Great Seal | |
| Capital | Manila (de jure) 14°35′N 120°58′E / 14.583°N 120.967°E Metro Manila[a] (de facto) |
| Largest city | Quezon City 14°38′N 121°02′E / 14.633°N 121.033°E |
| Official languages | |
| Recognized regional languages | |
National sign language | Filipino Sign Language |
Other recognized languages[b] | |
| Ethnic groups (2010[5]) | |
| Religion (2015)[5] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Filipino (neutral) Filipina (feminine) Pinoy (used for certain common nouns) |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Bongbong Marcos | |
| Sara Duterte | |
| Migz Zubiri | |
| Martin Romualdez | |
| Alexander Gesmundo | |
| Legislature | Congress |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Independence from the United States | |
| June 12, 1898 | |
| December 10, 1898 | |
| November 15, 1935 | |
| July 4, 1946 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 300,000 km2 (120,000 sq mi)[6][7][c] (72th) |
• Water (%) | 0.61[8] (inland waters) |
| 298,170 km2 (115,120 sq mi) | |
| Population | |
• 2020 census | 109,035,343 |
• Density | 336/km2 (870.2/sq mi) (37th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 116th |
| Currency | Philippine peso (₱) (PHP) |
| Time zone | UTC+08:00 (PhST) |
| Date format | mm/dd/yyyy |
| Driving side | right[d] |
| Calling code | +63 |
| ISO 3166 code | PH |
| Internet TLD | .ph |
Republic of Poland Rzeczpospolita Polska (Polish) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Mazurek Dąbrowskiego "Poland Is Not Yet Lost" | |
Location of Poland (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Warsaw 52°13′N 21°02′E / 52.217°N 21.033°E |
| Official language | Polish[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2011)[2] | |
| Religion (2011)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Andrzej Duda | |
| Mateusz Morawiecki | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| Sejm | |
| Formation | |
| 14 April 966 | |
| 18 April 1025 | |
| 1 July 1569 | |
| 24 October 1795 | |
| 11 November 1918 | |
| 17 September 1939 | |
| 19 February 1947 | |
| 31 December 1989[5] | |
| Area | |
• Total | 312,696 km2 (120,733 sq mi)[6] (69th) |
• Water (%) | 1.48 (2015)[7] |
| Population | |
• 2022 census | |
• Density | 122/km2 (316.0/sq mi) (98th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 34th |
| Currency | Złoty (PLN) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +48 |
| ISO 3166 code | PL |
| Internet TLD | .pl |
Portuguese Republic República Portuguesa (Portuguese) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: A Portuguesa "The Portuguese" | |
Location of Portugal (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Lisbon 38°46′N 9°9′W / 38.767°N 9.150°W |
| Official languages | Portuguese |
| Recognised regional languages | Mirandese[note 1] |
| Ethnic groups (2021) |
|
| Religion (2021)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Portuguese |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic[5] |
| Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa | |
| António Costa | |
| Legislature | Assembly of the Republic |
| Establishment | |
| 868 | |
| 1095 | |
| 24 June 1128 | |
• Kingdom | 25 July 1139 |
| 5 October 1143 | |
| 1 December 1640 | |
| 23 September 1822 | |
• Republic | 5 October 1910 |
| 25 April 1974 | |
| 25 April 1976[note 3] | |
| 1 January 1986 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 92,212 km2 (35,603 sq mi)[6] (109th) |
• Water (%) | 1.2 (2015)[7] |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | |
• 2021 census | |
• Density | 112.2[10]/km2 (290.6/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 38th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC (WET) UTC−1 (Atlantic/Azores) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (WEST) UTC (Atlantic/Azores) |
| Note: Continental Portugal and Madeira use WET/WEST; the Azores are 1 hour behind. | |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +351 |
| ISO 3166 code | PT |
| Internet TLD | .pt |
| |
State of Qatar | |
|---|---|
| Motto: الله الوطن الأمير God, Nation, Emir | |
| Anthem: السلام الأميري As-Salām al-ʾAmīrī "Peace to the Emir" | |
Location and extent of Qatar (dark green) on the Arabian Peninsula | |
| Capital and largest city | Doha 25°18′N 51°31′E / 25.300°N 51.517°E |
| Official languages | Arabic[1] |
| Common languages | English |
| Ethnic groups (2019)[3] |
|
| Religion (2020)[4] | |
| Demonym(s) | Qatari |
| Government | Unitary authoritarian[5][6] parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy |
• Emir | Tamim bin Hamad |
| Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani | |
| Legislature | Consultative Assembly |
| Establishment | |
| 18 December 1878 | |
• Declared independence | 1 September 1971 |
• Independence from the United Kingdom | 3 September 1971 |
| Area | |
• Total | 11,581 km2 (4,471 sq mi) (158th) |
• Water (%) | 0.8 |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 2,795,484[7] (139th) |
• 2010 census | 1,699,435[8] |
• Density | 176/km2 (455.8/sq mi) (76th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2007) | 41.1[10] medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 42nd |
| Currency | Qatari riyal (QAR) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (AST) |
| Driving side | right[12] |
| Calling code | +974 |
| ISO 3166 code | QA |
| Internet TLD | |
Romania România (Romanian) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: "Deșteaptă-te, române!" ("Awaken thee, Romanian!") | |
Location of Romania (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Bucharest 44°25′N 26°06′E / 44.417°N 26.100°E |
| Official languages | Romanian[1] |
| Recognised minority languages[2] | |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Romanian |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
| Klaus Iohannis | |
| Nicolae Ciucă | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Establishment history | |
| 1330 | |
| 1346 | |
| 24 January 1859 | |
• Independence from the Ottoman Empire | 9 May 1877/1878 |
| 1918/1921 | |
| 1941 | |
| 30 December 1947 | |
• Joined the United Nations | 14 December 1955 |
| 27 December 1989[4][5][6] | |
| 8 December 1991 | |
• Joined the European Union | 1 January 2007 |
| Area | |
• Total | 238,397 km2 (92,046 sq mi)[7] (81st) |
• Water (%) | 3 |
| Population | |
• 2022 census | |
• Density | 79.9/km2 (206.9/sq mi) (136th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 49th |
| Currency | Romanian leu (RON) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (AD) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +40 |
| ISO 3166 code | RO |
| Internet TLD | .roa |
| |
Russian Federation Российская Федерация (Russian) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Государственный гимн Российской Федерации Gosudarstvennyy gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii "State Anthem of the Russian Federation" | |
Russia on the globe, with claimed territories shown in light green[a] | |
| Capital and largest city | Moscow 55°45′21″N 37°37′02″E / 55.75583°N 37.61722°E |
| Official and national language | Russian[3] |
| Recognised national languages | See Languages of Russia |
| Ethnic groups (2021)[4] | |
| Religion (2012)[6] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Russian |
| Government | Federal semi-presidential republic under an authoritarian dictatorship[7][8][9][10] |
| Vladimir Putin | |
| Mikhail Mishustin | |
| Valentina Matviyenko | |
| Vyacheslav Volodin | |
| Vyacheslav Lebedev | |
| Legislature | Federal Assembly |
| Federation Council | |
| State Duma | |
| Formation | |
| 879 | |
| 1157 | |
| 1263 | |
| 16 January 1547 | |
| 2 November 1721 | |
| 15 March 1917 | |
| 30 December 1922 | |
| 12 June 1990 | |
| 12 December 1991 | |
| 12 December 1993 | |
| 8 December 1999 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 17,098,246 km2 (6,601,670 sq mi)[11] (within internationally recognised borders) 17,234,028 km2 (6,654,095 sq mi) (including claimed territories) (1st) |
• Water (%) | 13[12] (including swamps) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate |
|
• Density | 8.4/km2 (21.8/sq mi) (181st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 52nd |
| Currency | Ruble (₽) (RUB) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 to +12 |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +7 |
| ISO 3166 code | RU |
| Internet TLD | |
Republic of Rwanda Repubulika y'u Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) République du Rwanda (French) Jamhuri ya Rwanda (Swahili) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Ubumwe, Umurimo, Gukunda Igihugu" (English: "Unity, Work, Patriotism") (French: "Unité, Travail, Patriotisme") (Swahili: "Umoja, Kazi, Uzalendo") | |
| Anthem: "Rwanda Nziza" (English: "Beautiful Rwanda") | |
Location of Rwanda (black) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Kigali 1°56′38″S 30°3′34″E / 1.94389°S 30.05944°E |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary presidential republic under an authoritarian government[3][4] |
| Paul Kagame | |
| Édouard Ngirente | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Formation | |
| 15th century | |
• Part of German East Africa | 1897–1916 |
• Part of Ruanda-Urundi | 1916–1962 |
| 1959–1961 | |
| 1 July 1961 | |
• Independence from Belgium | 1 July 1962 |
• Admitted to the UN | 18 September 1962 |
| 26 May 2003 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 26,338 km2 (10,169 sq mi) (144th) |
• Water (%) | 5.3 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 13,843,840 [5] (76th) |
• 2022 census | 13,246,394[6] |
• Density | 470/km2 (1,217.3/sq mi) (22nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2016) | 43.7[8] medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 165th |
| Currency | Rwandan franc (RWF) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +250 |
| ISO 3166 code | RW |
| Internet TLD | .rw |
Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Country Above Self" | |
| Anthem: "O Land of Beauty!" | |
| Capital and largest city | Basseterre 17°18′N 62°44′W / 17.300°N 62.733°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Vernacular language | Saint Kitts Creole |
| Ethnic groups (2001)[1] |
|
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Marcella Liburd | |
| Terrance Drew | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 27 February 1967 | |
• Independence declared | 19 September 1983 |
| Area | |
• Total | 261 km2 (101 sq mi) (188th) |
• Water (%) | Negligible |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 47,606[3][4] (187th) |
• 2011 census | 47,195 |
• Density | 164/km2 (424.8/sq mi) (64th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $1.758 billion |
• Per capita | $31,095[5] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $1.058 billion |
• Per capita | $18,714[5] |
| HDI (2019) | high · 74th |
| Currency | East Caribbean dollar (EC$) (XCD) |
| Time zone | UTC-4 (AST) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +1 869 |
| ISO 3166 code | KN |
| Internet TLD | .kn |
| |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Pax et Justitia" (Latin) "Peace and Justice" | |
| Anthem: "Saint Vincent, Land so Beautiful" | |
| Capital and largest city | Kingstown 13°10′N 61°14′W / 13.167°N 61.233°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Vernacular language | Vincentian Creole |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion (2020)[1] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Vincentian and Grenadinian Vincy (colloquial) |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Susan Dougan | |
| Ralph Gonsalves | |
| Legislature | House of Assembly |
| Independence | |
| 27 October 1969 | |
• from the United Kingdom | 27 October 1979 |
| Area | |
• Total | 389 km2 (150 sq mi) (184th) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 104,332[2][3] (179th) |
• 2021 census | 100,455 |
• Density | 307/km2 (795.1/sq mi) (39th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $1.373 billion |
• Per capita | $12,431[4] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $864 million |
• Per capita | $7,827[4] |
| HDI (2021) | high · 89th |
| Currency | E.C dollar (XCD) |
| Time zone | UTC-4 (AST) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +1 784 |
| ISO 3166 code | VC |
| Internet TLD | .vc |
Independent State of Samoa Malo Saʻoloto Tutoʻatasi o Sāmoa | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Faʻavae i le Atua Sāmoa "Samoa is founded on God" | |
| Anthem: O Le Fuʻa o le Saʻolotoga o Samoa "The Banner of Freedom" | |
Location of Samoa | |
Map of Samoa | |
| Capital and largest city | Apia 13°50′00″S 171°45′44″W / 13.83333°S 171.76222°W |
| Official languages | Samoan • English |
| Ethnic groups (2001) |
|
| Religion (2021) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Samoan |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi IIa | |
| Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa | |
| Papali’i Li’o Taeu Masipau | |
| Legislature | Legislative Assembly |
| Independence from New Zealand | |
| 14 June 1889 | |
| 16 February 1900 | |
| 1 March 1900 | |
| 30 August 1914 | |
• League mandate | 17 December 1920 |
• UN trusteeship | 13 December 1946 |
| 1 January 1962 | |
| 15 December 1976 | |
• Name change from Western Samoa to Samoa | 4 July 1997 |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,831[4] km2 (1,093 sq mi) (167th) |
• Water (%) | 0.3 |
| Population | |
• November 2021 census | 205,557[5] (176th) |
• Density | 70/km2 (181.3/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $1.188 billion[6] |
• Per capita | $5,962[6] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $881 million[6] |
• Per capita | $4,420[6] |
| Gini (2013) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 111th |
| Currency | Tālā (WS$b) (WST) |
| Time zone | UTC+13c (WST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | leftd |
| Calling code | +685 |
| ISO 3166 code | WS |
| Internet TLD | .ws |
| |
| Motto: Libertas "Freedom" | |
| Anthem: Inno Nazionale della Repubblica "National Anthem of the Republic" | |
| Capital | San Marino 43°56′N 12°26′E / 43.933°N 12.433°ECoordinates: 43°56′N 12°26′E / 43.933°N 12.433°E |
| Largest settlement | Dogana 43°58′53″N 12°29′22″E / 43.98139°N 12.48944°E |
| Official languages | Italian[3] |
| Other languages | Romagnol |
| Religion | Christianity (Catholicism) |
| Demonym(s) | Sammarinese |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary diarchic directorial republic |
| Luca Beccari | |
| Legislature | Grand and General Council |
| Independence | |
• from Roman Empire | 3 September 301 (traditional) |
| |
| Area | |
• Total | 61.2 km2 (23.6 sq mi)[1] (191st) |
• Water (%) | 0 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 33,600[4] (191st) |
• Density | 520/km2 (1,346.8/sq mi) (23rd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 44th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+01 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02 (CEST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +378 (+39 0549 calling via Italy) |
| ISO 3166 code | SM |
| Internet TLD | .sm |
Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe (Portuguese) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Unidade, Disciplina, Trabalho" (Portuguese) "Unity, Discipline, Labour" | |
| Anthem: Independência total Total Independence | |
Location of São Tomé and Príncipe (dark blue) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | São Tomé 0°20′N 6°44′E / 0.333°N 6.733°E |
| Official languages | Portuguese |
| Recognised languages | Spanish |
| Recognised regional languages | |
| Religion (2020)[1] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic[3] |
| Carlos Vila Nova | |
| Patrice Trovoada | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence | |
• from Portugal | 12 July 1975 |
| Area | |
• Total | 964[4] km2 (372 sq mi) (171st) |
• Water (%) | Negligible |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 223,107[5][6] (186th) |
• 2012 census | 178,739 |
• Density | 199.7/km2 (517.2/sq mi) (69th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2017 estimate |
• Total | $685 million[7] |
• Per capita | $3,220[7] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2017 estimate |
• Total | $355 million[7] |
• Per capita | $1,668[7] |
| Gini (2017) | high |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 138th |
| Currency | Dobra (STN) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +239 |
| ISO 3166 code | ST |
| Internet TLD | .st |
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | |
|---|---|
| Motto: لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله، مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ ٱلله "Lā ʾilāha ʾillā Llāh, Muḥammadur rasūlu Llāh" "There is no god but God; Muhammad is the messenger of God."[1][b] (Shahada) | |
| Anthem: ٱلنَّشِيْد ٱلْوَطَنِي ٱلسُّعُوْدِي "an-Našīd al-Waṭanīy as-Saʿūdī" "National Anthem of Saudi Arabia" | |
| Capital and largest city | Riyadh 24°39′N 46°46′E / 24.650°N 46.767°E |
| Official languages | Arabic[5][6] |
| Ethnic groups | 90% Arab 10% Afro-Arab |
| Religion (2010)[9] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy |
• King | Salman |
• Crown Prince and Prime Minister | Mohammed bin Salman |
| Legislature | none[d] |
| Establishment | |
| 1727 | |
| 1824 | |
| 13 January 1902 | |
| 23 September 1932 | |
| 24 October 1945 | |
| 31 January 1992 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,149,690[5] km2 (830,000 sq mi) (12th) |
• Water (%) | 0.7 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• Density | 15/km2 (38.8/sq mi) (174th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2013) | 45.9[17] medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 35th |
| Currency | Saudi riyal (SR) (SAR) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (AST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (AH) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +966 |
| ISO 3166 code | SA |
| Internet TLD | |
Republic of Senegal République du Sénégal (French) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Un Peuple, Un But, Une Foi" (French) "One People, One Goal, One Faith" | |
| Anthem: "Pincez Tous vos Koras, Frappez les Balafons" "Everyone, strum your koras, strike the balafons" | |
Location of Senegal (dark green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Dakar 14°40′N 17°25′W / 14.667°N 17.417°W |
| Official languages | French |
| Lingua franca | |
| National languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2019)[4] | |
| Religion (2020)[5] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Senegalese |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic[6] |
| Macky Sall | |
| Amadou Ba | |
| Amadou Mame Diop | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence | |
• Republic established | 25 November 1957 |
• from France[d] | 4 April 1960 |
• Withdrawal from the Mali Federation | 20 August 1960 |
• from France[e] | 20 June 1960 |
• as Senegal | 22 September 1960 |
• dissolution of the Senegambia Confederation | 30 September 1989 |
| Area | |
• Total | 196,712 km2 (75,951 sq mi) (86th) |
• Water (%) | 2.1 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 17,196,308[7] (72nd) |
• 2016 census | 16,624,000[8] (73rd) |
• Density | 68.7/km2 (177.9/sq mi) (134th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2011) | 40.3[11] medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 170th |
| Currency | West African CFA franc (XOF) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Date format | mm/dd/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +221 |
| ISO 3166 code | SN |
| Internet TLD | .sn |
Republic of Serbia | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Боже правде Bože pravde (English: "God of Justice") | |
| Capital and largest city | Belgrade 44°48′N 20°28′E / 44.800°N 20.467°E |
| Official languages | Serbian[b] |
| Ethnic groups (2011) | |
| Religion (2011) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Serbian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Aleksandar Vučić | |
| Ana Brnabić | |
| Vladimir Orlić | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Establishment history | |
| 780 | |
• Kingdom | 1217 |
• Empire | 1346 |
| 1459–1556 | |
| 1804–1835 | |
| 1878 | |
| 1882 | |
| 1918 | |
| 1992 | |
• Independence restored | 2006 |
| Area | |
• Including Kosovo[a] | 88,499 km2 (34,170 sq mi) (111th) |
• Excluding Kosovo[a] | 77,474 km2 (29,913 sq mi)[1] |
| Population | |
• 2022 census | |
• Density | 86/km2 (222.7/sq mi) (130th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 63rd |
| Currency | Serbian dinar (RSD) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +381 |
| ISO 3166 code | RS |
| Internet TLD | |
Republic of Seychelles
| |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Finis Coronat Opus" (Latin) "The End Crowns the Work" | |
| Anthem: Koste Seselwa Join together all Seychellois | |
Location of Seychelles (dark blue) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Victoria 4°37′S 55°27′E / 4.617°S 55.450°E |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Wavel Ramkalawan | |
| Ahmed Afif | |
| Legislature | Lasanble Nasyonal |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Independence declared | 29 June 1976 |
| Area | |
• Total | 459 km2 (177 sq mi) (181st) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 100,447 (182nd) |
• Density | 214.5/km2 (555.6/sq mi) (67th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | 32.1[4] medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 72nd |
| Currency | Seychellois rupee (SCR) |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (SCT) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +248 |
| ISO 3166 code | SC |
| Internet TLD | .sc |
Republic of Sierra Leone | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Unity, Freedom, Justice" | |
| Anthem: "High We Exalt Thee, Realm of the Free" | |
Location of Sierra Leone (dark green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Freetown 08°30′00″N 12°06′00″W / 8.50000°N 12.10000°WCoordinates: 08°30′00″N 12°06′00″W / 8.50000°N 12.10000°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Ethnic groups (2015[1]) | |
| Religion (2020)[2] | Islam (78.5%) Christianity (20.4%) Others (1.1%) |
| Demonym(s) | Sierra Leonean |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Julius Maada Bio | |
| Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh | |
| Jacob Jusu Saffa[3] | |
| Abass Chernor Bundu | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Dominion | 27 April 1961 |
• Republic | 19 April 1971 |
| Area | |
• Total | 71,740 km2 (27,700 sq mi) (117th) |
• Water (%) | 1.1 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 8,692,606[4] (100th) |
• Density | 112/km2 (290.1/sq mi) (114tha) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | 35.7[6] medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 181st |
| Currency | Leone (SLL) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +232 |
| ISO 3166 code | SL |
| Internet TLD | .sl |
| |
Republic of Singapore | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Majulah Singapura (Malay) "Onward Singapore" | |
| Anthem: Majulah Singapura (Malay) "Onward Singapore" | |
| Capital | Singapore (city-state) 1°17′N 103°50′E / 1.283°N 103.833°ECoordinates: 1°17′N 103°50′E / 1.283°N 103.833°E |
| Official languages | |
| National language | Malay |
| Ethnic groups (2020)[a] | |
| Religion (2020)[b] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Singaporean |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party parliamentary republic |
| Halimah Yacob | |
| Lee Hsien Loong | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Independence from the United Kingdom and Malaysia | |
| 3 June 1959 | |
| 16 September 1963 | |
| 9 August 1965 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 733.1 km2 (283.1 sq mi)[2] (176th) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• Density | 7,804/km2 (20,212.3/sq mi) (3rd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2017) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 12th |
| Currency | Singapore dollar (S$) (SGD) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (Singapore Standard Time) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +65 |
| ISO 3166 code | SG |
| Internet TLD | .sg |
Slovak Republic Slovenská republika (Slovak) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Nad Tatrou sa blýska (Slovak) (English: "Lightning over the Tatras") | |
| National seal | |
Location of Slovakia (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Bratislava 48°09′N 17°07′E / 48.150°N 17.117°E |
| Official languages | Slovak |
| Ethnic groups (2021)[1] |
|
| Religion (2021)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Slovak |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Zuzana Čaputová | |
| Eduard Heger | |
| Boris Kollár | |
| Legislature | National Council |
| Establishment history | |
| 28 October 1918 | |
| 30 September 1938 | |
• Autonomous Land of Slovakia (within Second Czechoslovak Republic) | 23 November 1938 |
| 14 March 1939 | |
| 24 October 1945 | |
| 1948 | |
| 11 July 1960 | |
• Slovak Socialist Republic (within Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, change of unitary Czechoslovak state into a federation) | 1 January 1969 |
• Slovak Republic (change of name within established Czech and Slovak Federative Republic) | 1 March 1990 |
| 1 January 1993 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 49,035 km2 (18,933 sq mi) (127th) |
• Water (%) | 0.72 (2015)[3] |
| Population | |
• 2022 census | |
• Density | 111/km2 (287.5/sq mi) (88th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 45th |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | d. m. yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +421 |
| ISO 3166 code | SK |
| Internet TLD | .sk and .eu |
Republic of Slovenia Republika Slovenija (Slovene) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Zdravljica (English: "A Toast") | |
Location of Slovenia (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Ljubljana 46°03′N 14°30′E / 46.050°N 14.500°E |
| Official languages | Slovene[i] |
| Recognised regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2018)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Nataša Pirc Musar | |
| Robert Golob | |
| Urška Klakočar Zupančič | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| National Council | |
| National Assembly | |
| Establishment | |
| 29 October 1918 | |
| 1 December 1918 | |
| 19 February 1944 | |
| 29 July 1944 | |
• Independence from Yugoslavia | 25 June 1991[4] |
• Brioni Agreement signed | 7 July 1991 |
• Current constitution adopted | 23 December 1991 |
• Admitted to the United Nations | 22 May 1992 |
| 1 May 2004 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 20,271 km2 (7,827 sq mi) (150th) |
• Water (%) | 0.7[5] |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | |
• 2002 census | 1,964,036 |
• Density | 103[6]/km2 (266.8/sq mi) (106th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $111 billion[7] (93rd) |
• Per capita | $52,640[7] (34th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $68 billion[7] (80th) |
• Per capita | $32,214[7] (36th) |
| Gini (2020) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 23rd |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd. mm. yyyy (AD) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +386 |
| ISO 3166 code | SI |
| Internet TLD | .si[ii] |
Solomon Islands | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "To Lead is to Serve" | |
| Anthem: "God Save Our Solomon Islands"[1] | |
| Capital and largest city | Honiara 9°25′55″S 159°57′20″E / 9.43194°S 159.95556°E |
| Official languages | English |
| Ethnic groups (2009 census) |
|
| Religion (2016)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Solomon Islander |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Sir David Vunagi | |
| Manasseh Sogavare | |
| Legislature | National Parliament |
| Independence | |
• from the United Kingdom | 7 July 1978 |
| Area | |
• Total | 28,400 km2 (11,000 sq mi) (139th) |
• Water (%) | 3.2% |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 707,851[3][4] (167th) |
• Density | 18.1/km2 (46.9/sq mi) (200th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $1.479 billion[5] |
• Per capita | $2,307[5] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $1.511 billion[5] |
• Per capita | $2,357[5] |
| Gini (2013) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 155th |
| Currency | Solomon Islands dollar (SBD) |
| Time zone | UTC+11 |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +677 |
| ISO 3166 code | SB |
| Internet TLD | .sb |
Federal Republic of Somalia | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Qolobaa Calankeed علم أي امة "Every nation has its own flag" | |
Area controlled by Somalia shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled Somaliland shown in light green. n.b., zones of control are approximate at this time. | |
| Capital and largest city | Mogadishu 2°2′N 45°21′E / 2.033°N 45.350°E |
| Official languages | Somali, Arabic[1] |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion | Sunni Islam (official)[1] |
| Demonym(s) | Somali[1] |
| Government | Federal parliamentary republic |
| Hassan Sheikh Mohamud | |
| Hamza Abdi Barre | |
| Legislature | Federal Parliament |
| Independence from Italy and the United Kingdom | |
| 1887 | |
| 1889 | |
• Independence and union with the State of Somaliland | 1 July 1960 |
| 20 September 1960 | |
| 1 August 2012 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 637,657[1] km2 (246,201 sq mi) (43rd) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 17,066,000[3] (78th) |
• Density | 27.2[3]/km2 (70.4/sq mi) (199th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | US$20.641 billion (155th) |
• Per capita | US$1,322[4] (222nd) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | US$7.62 billion[5] (184th) |
• Per capita | US$544[6] (211th) |
| Currency | Somali shilling (SOS) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +252 |
| ISO 3166 code | SO |
| Internet TLD | .so |
Republic of South Africa 10 other official names[1]
| |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motto: "ǃke e: ǀxarra ǁke" (ǀXam) "Unity in diversity" | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Anthem: "National anthem of South Africa" | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Largest city | Johannesburg[3] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Official languages | 11 languages[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Ethnic groups (2019[5]) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Religion (2016)[6] |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Demonym(s) | South African | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Government | Unitary dominant-party parliamentary republic with an executive presidency | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cyril Ramaphosa | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Paul Mashatile | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Amos Masondo | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Raymond Zondo | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | ||||||||||||||||||||
| National Council | |||||||||||||||||||||
| National Assembly | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |||||||||||||||||||||
• Union | 31 May 1910 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 11 December 1931 | |||||||||||||||||||||
• Republic | 31 May 1961 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 27 April 1994 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||||||||||
• Total | 1,221,037 km2 (471,445 sq mi) (24th) | ||||||||||||||||||||
• Water (%) | 0.380 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||||||||
• 2022 estimate | 60 604 992 (2022 est.)[7] (24th) | ||||||||||||||||||||
• 2011 census | 51,770,560[8]: 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||
• Density | 42.4/km2 (109.8/sq mi) (169th) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate | ||||||||||||||||||||
• Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
• Per capita | |||||||||||||||||||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate | ||||||||||||||||||||
• Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
• Per capita | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Gini (2014) | very high | ||||||||||||||||||||
| HDI (2021) | high · 109th | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | South African rand (ZAR) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+2 (SAST) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Date format | Short formats: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Driving side | left | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Calling code | +27 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | ZA | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Internet TLD | .za | ||||||||||||||||||||
Republic of South Sudan | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Justice, Liberty, Prosperity" | |
| Anthem: "South Sudan Oyee!" | |
South Sudan in dark green, disputed regions in light green | |
| Capital and largest city | Juba 04°51′N 31°36′E / 4.850°N 31.600°E |
| Official languages | English[1] |
| Recognised national languages | and around 60 other languages [note 1] |
| Spoken languages[7] | |
| Religion (2020)[8] |
|
| Demonym(s) | South Sudanese |
| Government | Federal provisional unity government[9] |
| Salva Kiir Mayardit | |
| Riek Machar | |
• Speaker | Jemma Nunu Kumba |
| Chan Reec Madut | |
| Legislature | Transitional National Legislature |
| Council of States | |
| Transitional National Legislative Assembly | |
| Independence from Sudan | |
• Autonomy | 9 July 2005 |
| 9 July 2011 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 644,329 km2 (248,777 sq mi) (41st) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 11,544,905[10] (82nd) |
• Density | 13.33/km2 (34.5/sq mi) (214th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2016) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 191st |
| Currency | South Sudanese pound (SSP) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (Central Africa Time) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right[14] |
| Calling code | +211[15] |
| ISO 3166 code | SS |
| Internet TLD | .ss[16]a |
| |
Kingdom of Spain | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Plus ultra (Latin) (English: "Further Beyond") | |
| Anthem: Marcha Real (Spanish)[1] (English: "Royal March") | |
Location of Spain (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Madrid 40°26′N 3°42′W / 40.433°N 3.700°W |
| Official language | Spanish[b] |
| Nationality (mid 2022) | |
| Religion (2023)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Felipe VI |
| Pedro Sánchez | |
| Legislature | Cortes Generales |
| Senate | |
| Congress of Deputies | |
| Formation | |
• De facto | 20 January 1479 |
• De jure | 9 June 1715 |
| 19 March 1812 | |
| 29 December 1978 | |
| 1 January 1986 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 505,990[5] km2 (195,360 sq mi) (51st) |
• Water (%) | 0.89 (2015)[6] |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 47,325,360[7] (31st) |
• Density | 94/km2 (243.5/sq mi) (120th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 27th |
| Currency | Euro[d] (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC±0 to +1 (WET and CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+1 to +2 (WEST and CEST) |
| Note: most of Spain observes CET/CEST, except the Canary Islands which observe WET/WEST. | |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +34 |
| ISO 3166 code | ES |
| Internet TLD | .es[e] |
Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: "Sri Lanka Matha" (English: "Mother Sri Lanka") | |
| Capital |
|
| Largest city | Colombo |
| Official languages | |
| Recognised languages | English |
| Ethnic groups (2012[4]) |
|
| Religion (2012) | 70.2% Buddhism (official)[5] 12.6% Hinduism 9.7% Islam 7.4% Christianity 0.1% Other/None |
| Demonym(s) | Sri Lankan |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic[6] |
| Ranil Wickremesinghe | |
| Dinesh Gunawardena | |
| Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena | |
| Jayantha Jayasuriya | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Formation | |
| 543 BCE | |
| 437 BCE | |
| 1796 | |
• Kandyan Convention signed | 1815 |
| 4 February 1948 | |
• Republic | 22 May 1972 |
| 7 September 1978 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 65,610.2 km2 (25,332.2 sq mi) (120th) |
• Water (%) | 4.4 |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | |
• 2012 census | 20,277,600[10] |
• Density | 337.7/km2 (874.6/sq mi) (24th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2016) | 39.8[12] medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 73rd |
| Currency | Sri Lankan rupee (Rs) (LKR) |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (SLST) |
| Date format |
|
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +94 |
| ISO 3166 code | LK |
| Internet TLD | |
Website gov.lk | |
Republic of the Sudan | |
|---|---|
| Motto: النصر لنا (Arabic) an-Naṣr lanā "Victory is Ours" | |
| Anthem: نحن جند الله، جند الوطن (Arabic) Naḥnu jund Allah, jund al-waṭan ("We Are the Soldiers of God, the Soldiers of the Nation") | |
Sudan displayed in dark green color, claimed territories in light green | |
| Capital | Khartoum 15°38′N 032°32′E / 15.633°N 32.533°E |
| Largest city | Omdurman |
| Official languages |
|
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion (2020)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Sudanese |
| Government | Federal republic under a military junta[5][6] |
Others[7]
| |
| |
| Legislature | Transitional Legislative Council |
| Formation | |
| 2500 BC | |
| 1070 BC | |
| 1885 | |
| 1899 | |
• Independence from the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Egypt | 1 January 1956 |
• Secession of South Sudan | 9 July 2011 |
| 11 April 2019 | |
• 2019 Draft Constitutional Declaration effective | 20 August 2019 |
| 25 October 2021 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,886,068 km2 (728,215 sq mi) (15th) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 47,958,856[8] (30th) |
• Density | 21.3/km2 (55.2/sq mi) (202nd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2014) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 172nd |
| Currency | Sudanese pound (SDG) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +249 |
| ISO 3166 code | SD |
| Internet TLD | .sd سودان. |
Republic of Suriname Republiek Suriname (Dutch) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Justitia – Pietas – Fides (Latin) Gerechtigheid – Vroomheid – Vertrouwen (Dutch) "Justice – Piety – Trust" | |
| Anthem: God zij met ons Suriname (Dutch) "God be with our Suriname" | |
Location of Suriname (dark green) in South America (grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Paramaribo 5°50′N 55°10′W / 5.833°N 55.167°W |
| Official languages | Dutch |
| Recognised regional languages | |
| Lingua franca |
|
| Other languages | |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Surinamese |
| Government | Unitary assembly-independent republic |
| Chan Santokhi | |
| Ronnie Brunswijk | |
| Marinus Bee | |
| Iwan Rasoelbaks (acting) | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence | |
| 15 December 1954 | |
• Independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands | 25 November 1975 |
| Area | |
• Total | 163,821 km2 (63,252 sq mi) (90th) |
• Water (%) | 1.1 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 632,638[7] (170th) |
• Density | 3.9/km2 (10.1/sq mi) (231st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $10.707 billion[8] |
• Per capita | $17,350[8] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $3.011 billion[8] |
• Per capita | $4,880[8] |
| HDI (2021) | high · 99th |
| Currency | Surinamese dollar (SRD) |
| Time zone | UTC-3 (SRT) |
| Date format | dd-mm-yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +597 |
| ISO 3166 code | SR |
| Internet TLD | .sr |
Kingdom of Sweden Konungariket Sverige (Swedish) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Du gamla, Du fria[a] (English: "Thou ancient, Thou free") | |
Location of Sweden (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Stockholm 59°21′N 18°4′E / 59.350°N 18.067°E |
| Official languages | Swedish[b] |
| National minority languages | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Carl XVI Gustaf |
| Andreas Norlén | |
| Ulf Kristersson | |
| Legislature | Riksdag |
| History | |
• A unified Swedish kingdom established | By the early 12th century |
• Part of the Kalmar Union | 17 June 1397 – 6 June 1523 |
• Part of the Swedish-Norwegian Union | 4 November 1814 – 26 October 1905[11] |
• Joined the European Union | 1 January 1995 |
| Area | |
• Total | 447,425 km2 (172,752 sq mi) (55th) |
• Water (%) | 8.97 (2022)[12] |
| Population | |
• 31 May 2022 estimate | |
• Density | 25/km2 (64.7/sq mi) (198th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2021) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 7th |
| Currency | Swedish krona (SEK) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | yyyy-mm-dd |
| Driving side | right[d] |
| Calling code | +46 |
| ISO 3166 code | SE |
| Internet TLD | .se[e] |
Website sweden.se | |
| |
Swiss Confederation | |
|---|---|
| Motto: (unofficial) "Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno" "One for all, all for one" | |
| Anthem: "Swiss Psalm" | |
Location of Switzerland (green) in Europe (green and dark grey) | |
| Capital | 46°57′N 7°27′E / 46.950°N 7.450°E |
| Largest city | Zürich |
| Official languages | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Federal assembly-independent[4][5] directorial republic with elements of a direct democracy |
| Walter Thurnherr | |
| Legislature | Federal Assembly |
| Council of States | |
| National Council | |
| History | |
• Founded | 1 August 1291[c] |
• Sovereignty recognised (Peace of Westphalia) | 24 October 1648 |
| 7 August 1815 | |
| 12 September 1848[d][6] | |
| Area | |
• Total | 41,285 km2 (15,940 sq mi) (132nd) |
• Water (%) | 4.34 (2015)[7] |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | |
• 2015 census | 8,327,126[9] |
• Density | 207/km2 (536.1/sq mi) (48th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 1st |
| Currency | Swiss franc (CHF) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (AD) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +41 |
| ISO 3166 code | CH |
| Internet TLD | .ch, .swiss |
Syrian Arab Republic | |
|---|---|
| Motto: وَحْدَةٌ ، حُرِّيَّةٌ ، اِشْتِرَاكِيَّةٌ Waḥdah, Ḥurrīyah, Ishtirākīyah "Unity, Freedom, Socialism" | |
| Anthem: حُمَاةَ الدِّيَارِ Ḥumāt ad-Diyār "Guardians of the Homeland" | |
Syria in dark green, claim to much of Turkey's Hatay Province and Israeli-occupied Golan Heights shown in light green | |
| Capital and largest city | Damascus 33°30′N 36°18′E / 33.500°N 36.300°E |
| Official languages | Arabic[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2018[2]) | 75% Arabs 10% Kurds 15% Others (including Turkomans, Assyrians, Circassians, Armenians and others)[2][3] |
| Religion | 87% Islam 10% Christianity[2] 3% Druze |
| Demonym(s) | Syrian |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic[4] under a totalitarian[5] hereditary dictatorship |
| Bashar al-Assad | |
| Najah al-Attar | |
| Hussein Arnous | |
| Hammouda Sabbagh | |
| Legislature | People's Assembly |
| Establishment | |
| 8 March 1920 | |
• State of Syria under French mandate | 1 December 1924 |
| 14 May 1930 | |
• De jure Independence | 24 October 1945 |
• De facto Independence | 17 April 1946 |
• Left the United Arab Republic | 28 September 1961 |
| 8 March 1963 | |
| 27 February 2012 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 185,180[6] km2 (71,500 sq mi) (87th) |
• Water (%) | 1.1 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 22,125,249[7] (60th) |
• Density | 118.3/km2 (306.4/sq mi) (70th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2015 estimate |
• Total | $50.28 billion[8] |
• Per capita | $2,900[8] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2014 estimate |
• Total | $24.6 billion[8] (167) |
| Gini (2014) | 55.8[9] high |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 150th |
| Currency | Syrian pound (SYP) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +963 |
| ISO 3166 code | SY |
| Internet TLD | .sy سوريا. |
Republic of Tajikistan | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Истиқлол, Озодӣ, Ватан (Tajik) Istiqlol, Ozodī, Vatan "Independence, Freedom, Homeland" | |
| Anthem: Суруди Миллӣ (Tajik) Surudi Millī "National Anthem" | |
Location of Tajikistan (green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Dushanbe 38°33′N 68°48′E / 38.550°N 68.800°E |
| Official languages | |
| Spoken languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2010[2]) | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic under an authoritarian dictatorship[7] |
| Emomali Rahmon | |
| Kokhir Rasulzoda | |
| Legislature | Supreme Assembly |
| National Assembly | |
| Assembly of Representatives | |
| Formation | |
| 819 | |
| 27 October 1924 | |
| 5 December 1929 | |
• Independence from the USSR | 9 September 1991 |
• Recognized | 26 December 1991 |
| 6 November 1994 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 142,326 km2 (54,952 sq mi) (94th) |
• Water | 2,575 km2 (994 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 1.8 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 9,750,065[8][9] (94th) |
• Density | 48.6/km2 (125.9/sq mi) (155th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2015) | 34[11] medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 122th |
| Currency | Somoni (TJS) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (TJT) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +992 |
| ISO 3166 code | TJ |
| Internet TLD | .tj |
| |
United Republic of Tanzania Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania (Swahili) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: "Mungu ibariki Afrika" "God Bless Africa" | |
Location of Tanzania (dark green) in eastern Africa | |
Map of Tanzania | |
| Capital | Dodoma |
| Largest city | Dar es Salaam |
| Official languages | |
| National language | Swahili[1] |
| Other languages | Over 100 languages, including (1m+): |
| Ethnic groups | Over 100 ethnic groups |
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Tanzanian |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic |
| Samia Suluhu Hassan | |
| Philip Mpango | |
| Kassim Majaliwa | |
• Speaker | Tulia Ackson |
| Ibrahim Hamis Juma | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence from the United Kingdom, the German Empire and the Omani Empire | |
| 9 December 1961 | |
• Zanzibar | 10 December 1963 |
• Merger | 26 April 1964 |
• Current constitution | 25 April 1977 |
| Area | |
• Total | 947,303 km2 (365,756 sq mi) (30th) |
• Water (%) | 6.4[3] |
| Population | |
• 2022 census | 61,741,120[4] (23rd) |
• Density | 47.5/km2 (123.0/sq mi) (157th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2017) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 160th |
| Currency | Tanzanian shilling (TZS) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (East Africa Time) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +255[a] |
| ISO 3166 code | TZ |
| Internet TLD | .tz |
Kingdom of Thailand
| |
|---|---|
| Anthem: เพลงชาติไทย "Thai National Anthem" | |
| Capital and largest city | Bangkok 13°45′N 100°29′E / 13.750°N 100.483°E |
| Official language and national language | Thai[1] |
| Spoken languages | Thai, Isan, Lanna, Dambro, Karen, Pattani Malay, Bangkok Malay, Teochew, Hokkien |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion (2018)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Thai, Siamese |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary semi-democratic[3] constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Vajiralongkorn (Rama X) |
| Prayut Chan-o-cha | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Formation | |
| 1238–1448 | |
| 1351–1767 | |
| 1767–1782 | |
| 6 April 1782 | |
| 24 June 1932 | |
| 6 April 2017 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 513,120 km2 (198,120 sq mi) (50th) |
• Water (%) | 0.4 (2,230 km2) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 69,648,117[4] (20th) |
• 2010 census | 64,785,909[5] (21st) |
• Density | 132.1/km2 (342.1/sq mi) (88th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 66th |
| Currency | Baht (฿) (THB) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (BE) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +66 |
| ISO 3166 code | TH |
| Internet TLD | |
Togolese Republic République togolaise (French) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Travail, Liberté, Patrie"[1] (French) "Work, Liberty, Homeland" | |
| Anthem: "Terre de nos aïeux" (French) (English: "Land of our ancestors") | |
Location of Togo (dark blue) in the African Union (light blue) | |
| Capital and largest city | Lomé 6°8′N 1°13′E / 6.133°N 1.217°E |
| Official languages | |
| Recognised national languages | |
| Spoken languages | |
| Ethnic groups | West African (94.4%)[2] |
| Religion (2020) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Togolese |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic |
| Faure Gnassingbé | |
| Victoire Tomegah Dogbé | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence from France | |
• Independence granted | 27 April 1960 |
| Area | |
• Total | 56,785 km2 (21,925 sq mi) (123rd) |
• Water (%) | 4.2 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 8,492,333[4] (102nd) |
• Density | 125.9/km2 (326.1/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2015) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 162th |
| Currency | West African CFA franc (XOF) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +228 |
| ISO 3166 code | TG |
| Internet TLD | .tg |
| |
Kingdom of Tonga Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga (Tongan) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Ko e ʻOtua mo Tonga ko hoku tofiʻa" "God and Tonga are my inheritance" | |
| Anthem: "Ko e fasi ʻo e tuʻi ʻo e ʻOtu Tonga" "Song of the King of the Tongan Islands" | |
| Capital and largest city | Nukuʻalofa 21°08′S 175°12′W / 21.133°S 175.200°W |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2018[1]) |
|
| Religion (2016)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Tongan |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Tupou VI |
| Siaosi Sovaleni | |
| Fatafehi Fakafanua | |
| Legislature | Legislative Assembly |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Independence declared | 4 June 1970 |
| Area | |
• Total | 748 km2 (289 sq mi) (175th) |
• Water (%) | 4.0 |
| Population | |
• 2021 census | 100,209[3] (199th) |
• Density | 139/km2 (360.0/sq mi) (76tha) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $655 million |
• Per capita | $6,496[4] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $493 million |
• Per capita | $4,888[4] |
| Gini (2015) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 91st |
| Currency | Paʻanga (TOP) |
| Time zone | UTC+13 |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +676 |
| ISO 3166 code | TO |
| Internet TLD | .to |
| |
Republic of Trinidad and Tobago | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Together We Aspire, Together We Achieve | |
| Anthem: "Forged from the Love of Liberty" | |
| Capital | Port of Spain 10°40′0″N 61°30′27″W / 10.66667°N 61.50750°W |
| Largest city | San Fernando 10°17′N 61°28′W / 10.283°N 61.467°W |
| Official languages | English[1] |
| Other languages | See Languages in Trinidad and Tobago[2] |
| Ethnic groups (2011)[3] |
|
| Religion (2011)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Christine Kangaloo | |
| Keith Rowley | |
| Bridgid Annisette-George | |
| Nigel de Freitas | |
| Ivor Archie | |
| Kamla Persad-Bissessar | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Part of the West Indies Federation | 3 January 1958 – 14 January 1962 |
| 31 August 1962 | |
• Joined CARICOM at the Treaty of Chaguaramas | 1 August 1973 |
• Republic | 1 August 1976[a] |
| Area | |
• Total | 5,131 km2 (1,981 sq mi) (164th) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 1,405,646[6] (151st) |
• Density | 264/km2 (683.8/sq mi) (34th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2012) | 39.0[8] medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 57th |
| Currency | Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD) |
| Time zone | UTC-4 (AST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +1 (868) |
| ISO 3166 code | TT |
| Internet TLD | .tt |
Republic of Tunisia
| |
|---|---|
| Motto: حرية، نظام، عدالة "Ḥurrīyah, Niẓām, 'Adālah" "Freedom, Order, Justice"[1] | |
| Anthem: حماة الحمى "Humat al-Hima" (English: "Defenders of the Homeland") | |
Location of Tunisia in northern Africa | |
| Capital and largest city | Tunis 36°49′N 10°11′E / 36.817°N 10.183°E |
| Official languages | Arabic[2] |
| Local vernacular | Tunisian Arabic[3] |
| Foreign languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2021)[5] | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Tunisian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Kais Saied | |
| Najla Bouden | |
• Speaker | Ibrahim Bouderbala |
| Legislature | Assembly of the Representatives of the People |
| Establishment | |
| 814 BC | |
| 146 BC | |
| 435 | |
| 591 | |
| 800 | |
• Fatimids | 909 |
• Zirids | 972 |
• Hafsids | 1207 |
| 15 July 1705 | |
• Kingdom | 20 March 1956 |
• Republic | 25 July 1957 |
| 28 August 2022 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 163,610 km2 (63,170 sq mi) (91st) |
• Water (%) | 5.04 |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 11,708,370[13] (81st) |
• Density | 71.65/km2 (185.6/sq mi) (144th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2017) | 35.8[15] medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 97th |
| Currency | Tunisian dinar (TND) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +216 |
| ISO 3166 code | TN |
| Internet TLD | |
Republic of Türkiye Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (Turkish) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: İstiklal Marşı (Turkish) "The Independence March" | |
| Capital | Ankara 39°N 35°E / 39°N 35°ECoordinates: 39°N 35°E / 39°N 35°E |
| Largest city | Istanbul 41°1′N 28°57′E / 41.017°N 28.950°E |
| Official languages | Turkish[1][2] |
| Spoken languages[3] |
|
| Other languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2016)[4] | |
| Religion | See religion in Turkey |
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Unitary presidential constitutional republic |
| Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | |
| Fuat Oktay | |
| Mustafa Şentop | |
| Zühtü Arslan | |
| Legislature | Grand National Assembly |
| Establishment | |
| c. 1299 | |
| 19 May 1919 | |
| 23 April 1920 | |
| 24 July 1923 | |
| 29 October 1923 | |
| 9 November 1982[5] | |
| Area | |
• Total | 783,356 km2 (302,455 sq mi) (36th) |
• Water (%) | 2.03 (2015)[6] |
| Population | |
• December 2022 estimate | |
• Density | 111[7]/km2 (287.5/sq mi) (107th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 48th |
| Currency | Turkish lira (₺) (TRY) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +90 |
| ISO 3166 code | TR |
| Internet TLD | .tr |
Turkmenistan Türkmenistan (Turkmen) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Türkmenistan Bitaraplygyň watanydyr "Turkmenistan is the motherland of Neutrality"[1][2] | |
| Anthem: Garaşsyz Bitarap Türkmenistanyň Döwlet Gimni "National Anthem of Independent Neutral Turkmenistan" | |
Location of Turkmenistan (red) | |
| Capital and largest city | Ashgabat 37°58′N 58°20′E / 37.967°N 58.333°E |
| Official languages | Turkmen[3] |
| Ethnic groups (2012) | |
| Religion (2020 ?)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Turkmenistani[5] Turkmen[6] Turkmenian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic under a totalitarian hereditary dictatorship[7][8] |
| Serdar Berdimuhamedow | |
| Raşit Meredow | |
• Chairman of the People's Council | Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow |
| Dunyagozel Gulmanova | |
| Legislature | Assembly |
| Independence from the Soviet Union | |
• Conquest | 1879 |
| 13 May 1925 | |
• Declared state sovereignty | 22 August 1990 |
• From the Soviet Union | 27 October 1991 |
• Recognized | 26 December 1991 |
| 18 May 1992 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 491,210 km2 (189,660 sq mi)[9] (52nd) |
• Water | 24,069 km2 (9,293 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 4.9 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 5,636,011[10] (115th) |
• Density | 10.5/km2 (27.2/sq mi) (221st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $117.7 billion [11] (93nd) |
• Per capita | $18,875[11] (80th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $74.4 billion[11] (78th) |
• Per capita | $11,929[11] (68th) |
| Gini (1998) | 40.8 medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 91st |
| Currency | Manat (TMT) |
| Time zone | UTC+05 (TMT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +993 |
| ISO 3166 code | TM |
| Internet TLD | .tm |
Tuvalu | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Tuvalu mo te Atua" (Tuvaluan) "Tuvalu for the Almighty" | |
| Anthem: Tuvalu mo te Atua (Tuvaluan) Tuvalu for the Almighty | |
| Capital and largest city | Funafuti 8°31′S 179°12′E / 8.517°S 179.200°E |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Religion | Christianity (official)[1] |
| Demonym(s) | Tuvaluan |
| Government | Unitary non-partisan parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Tofiga Vaevalu Falani | |
| Kausea Natano | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Independence | |
• from the United Kingdom | 1 October 1978 |
| Area | |
• Total | 26 km2 (10 sq mi)[2] (192nd) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 11,900 (225th) |
• 2017 census | 10,645 |
• Density | 475.88/km2 (1,232.5/sq mi) (27th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2016 estimate |
• Total | $39 million[3] (226th) |
• Per capita | $3,566[3] (156th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $45 million[3] (194th) |
• Per capita | $2,970[3] (118th) |
| Gini (2010) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 130th |
| Currency | (AUD) |
| Time zone | UTC+12 |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +688 |
| ISO 3166 code | TV |
| Internet TLD | .tv |
Republic of Uganda[1] | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "For God and My Country" "Kwa Mungu na nchi yangu" | |
| Anthem: "Oh Uganda, Land of Beauty" | |
| Capital and largest city | Kampala |
| Official languages | |
| National language | None at national level |
| Spoken languages | Over 70 languages |
| Religion (2014 census)[7] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Ugandan[8] |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic |
| Yoweri Museveni | |
| Jessica Alupo | |
| Robinah Nabbanja | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Dominion | 9 October 1962 |
• Republic | 9 October 1963 |
• Current constitution | 8 October 1995 |
| Area | |
• Total | 241,038 km2 (93,065 sq mi) (79th) |
• Water (%) | 15.39 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | |
• 2014 census | |
• Density | 157.1/km2 (406.9/sq mi) (75th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $129.48 billion[12] (88th) |
• Per capita | $2,960[12] (172nd) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2016) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 167th |
| Currency | Ugandan shilling (UGX) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +256a |
| ISO 3166 code | UG |
| Internet TLD | .ug |
Ukraine Україна (Ukrainian) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Державний Гімн України Derzhavnyi Himn Ukrainy "State Anthem of Ukraine" | |
| |
| Capital and largest city | Kyiv 49°N 32°E / 49°N 32°E |
| Ukrainian[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2001)[2] |
|
| Religion (2018)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Ukrainian |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
| Volodymyr Zelenskyy | |
| Denys Shmyhal | |
| Ruslan Stefanchuk | |
| Legislature | Verkhovna Rada |
| Formation | |
| 882 | |
| 1199 | |
| 18 August 1649 | |
| 20 November 1917 | |
| 1939–1940 | |
| 26 April 1954 | |
| 24 August 1991 | |
| 28 June 1996 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 603,628[4] km2 (233,062 sq mi) (45th) |
• Water (%) | 3.8[5] |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | |
• Density | 73.8/km2 (191.1/sq mi) (115th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | low |
| HDI (2021) | high · 77th |
| Currency | Hryvnia (₴) (UAH) |
| Time zone | UTC+2[10] (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +380 |
| ISO 3166 code | UA |
| Internet TLD | |
Website ukraine.ua | |
United Arab Emirates | |
|---|---|
| Motto: الله الوطن الرئيس God, Nation, President | |
| Anthem: عيشي بلادي "Īšiy Bilādī" "Long Live My Country" | |
Location of United Arab Emirates (green) in the Arabian Peninsula | |
| Capital | Abu Dhabi 24°28′N 54°22′E / 24.467°N 54.367°E |
| Largest city | Dubai 25°15′N 55°18′E / 25.250°N 55.300°E |
| Official languages | Arabic[1] |
| Common languages | Gulf Arabic, English[2] |
| Ethnic groups (2015)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Emirati[4] |
| Government | Federal Islamic parliamentary elective semi-constitutional monarchy[5][6][7] |
| Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan[8] | |
| Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum | |
| Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum And Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan | |
| Khaled Bin Mohamed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan | |
| Legislature | |
| Establishment | |
| 1708 | |
• Sharjah | 1727 |
| 1761 | |
| 1768 | |
• Ajman | 1816 |
• Dubai | 1833 |
• Fujairah | 1879 |
• Independence from the United Kingdom and the Trucial States | 2 December 1971 |
| 9 December 1971 | |
• Admission of Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah to the UAE | 10 February 1972 |
| Area | |
• Total | 83,600 km2 (32,300 sq mi) (114th) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 9,282,410[9] (92nd) |
• 2005 census | 4,106,427 |
• Density | 121/km2 (313.4/sq mi) (110th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | 26.0[11] low |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 26th |
| Currency | UAE dirham (AED) |
| Time zone | UTC+04:00 (GST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +971 |
| ISO 3166 code | AE |
| Internet TLD | |
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: "God Save the King"[a] | |
| Royal coat of arms in Scotland: | |
Location of the United Kingdom (dark green) in Europe (dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | London 51°30′N 0°7′W / 51.500°N 0.117°W |
| Official language and national language | None (de jure) English (de facto) |
| Regional and minority languages[b] | |
| Ethnic groups (2011) | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Constituent countries | |
| Government | Unitary[e] parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Rishi Sunak | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| House of Lords | |
| House of Commons | |
| Formation | |
| 1535 and 1542 | |
| 24 March 1603 | |
| 22 July 1706 | |
| 1 May 1707 | |
| 1 January 1801 | |
| 5 December 1922 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 242,495 km2 (93,628 sq mi)[9] (78th) |
• Water (%) | 1.51 (2015)[10] |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | |
• 2011 census | 63,182,178[12] (22nd) |
• Density | 270.7/km2 (701.1/sq mi) (50th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2019) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 18th |
| Currency | Pound sterling[f] (GBP) |
| Time zone | UTC+0 (Greenwich Mean Time, WET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (British Summer Time, WEST) |
| [g] | |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy yyyy-mm-dd (AD) |
| Driving side | left[h] |
| Calling code | +44[i] |
| ISO 3166 code | GB |
| Internet TLD | .uk[j] |
United States of America | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "In God We Trust"[1] Other traditional mottos:[2]
| |
| Anthem: "The Star-Spangled Banner"[3] | |
| Capital | Washington, D.C. 38°53′N 77°01′W / 38.883°N 77.017°W |
| Largest city | New York City 40°43′N 74°00′W / 40.717°N 74.000°W |
| Official languages | None at the federal level[a] |
| National language | English (de facto) |
| Ethnic groups | By race:
By Hispanic or Latino origin:
|
| Religion (2021)[7] |
|
| Demonym(s) | American[b][8] |
| Government | Federal presidential constitutional republic |
| Joe Biden | |
| Kamala Harris | |
| Kevin McCarthy | |
| John Roberts | |
| Legislature | Congress |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Independence from Great Britain | |
| July 4, 1776 | |
| March 1, 1781 | |
| September 3, 1783 | |
| June 21, 1788 | |
| Area | |
• Total area | 3,796,742 sq mi (9,833,520 km2)[9] (3rd[c]) |
• Water (%) | 4.66[10] (2015) |
• Land area | 3,531,905 sq mi (9,147,590 km2) (3rd) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | |
• 2020 census | 331,449,281[d][12] (3rd) |
• Density | 87/sq mi (33.6/km2) (185th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2020) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 21st |
| Currency | U.S. dollar ($) (USD) |
| Time zone | UTC−4 to −12, +10, +11 |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−4 to −10[f] |
| Date format | mm/dd/yyyy[g] |
| Driving side | right[h] |
| Calling code | +1 |
| ISO 3166 code | US |
| Internet TLD | .com, .us[16] |
Oriental Republic of Uruguay República Oriental del Uruguay (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Libertad o Muerte "Freedom or Death" | |
| Anthem: Himno Nacional de Uruguay "National Anthem of Uruguay" | |
| Sol de Mayo[1][2] (Sun of May) | |
Location of Uruguay (dark green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Montevideo 34°53′S 56°10′W / 34.883°S 56.167°W |
| Official language | |
| Ethnic groups (2011) |
|
| Religion (2021)[5] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Uruguayan |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Luis Lacalle Pou | |
| Beatriz Argimón | |
| Legislature | General Assembly |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Representatives | |
| Independence from Brazil | |
• Declared | 25 August 1825 |
| 27 August 1828 | |
| 15 February 1967 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 181,034 km2 (69,898 sq mi) (89th) |
• Water (%) | 1.5 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 3,407,213[6] (132nd) |
• Density | 19.8/km2 (51.3/sq mi) (206th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2022) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | very high · 58th |
| Currency | Uruguayan peso (UYU) |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (UYT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +598 |
| ISO 3166 code | UY |
| Internet TLD | .uy |
Republic of Uzbekistan | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining Davlat Madhiyasi / Ўзбекистон Республикасининг Давлат Мадҳияси "State Anthem of the Republic of Uzbekistan" | |
Location of Uzbekistan (green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Tashkent 41°19′N 69°16′E / 41.317°N 69.267°E |
| Official languages | Uzbek[1][2] |
| Recognised regional languages | Karakalpaka |
| Common languages | Uzbek • Russian[3][4][5][6] |
| Spoken languages | Karakalpak • Tajik • Koryo-mar • Turkmen • Ukrainian • Azerbaijani • Uyghur • Central Asian Arabic • Bukhori and others |
| Ethnic groups (2021[7]) | |
| Religion (2021)[8] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Uzbekistani |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic[9] |
| Shavkat Mirziyoyev | |
| Abdulla Aripov | |
| Legislature | Oliy Majlis |
| Senate | |
| Legislative Chamber | |
| Formation | |
| 840 | |
| 1077 | |
| 1370 | |
| 1428 | |
| 1511 | |
| 1709 | |
| 1785 | |
| 1918 | |
• Uzbek SSR established after national delimitation | 27 October 1924 |
• Formally recognised | 31 August 1991 |
| 26 December 1991 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 448,978 km2 (173,351 sq mi) (56th) |
• Water (%) | 4.9 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 36,024,000[10] (40th) |
• Density | 74.1/km2 (191.9/sq mi) (128th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2013) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 101th |
| Currency | Uzbek soum and dollar (UZS) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (UZT) |
| Date format | dd/mm yyyyc |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +998 |
| ISO 3166 code | UZ |
| Internet TLD | .uz |
Website gov.uz | |
| |
Republic of Vanuatu | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Long God yumi stanap" (Bislama) Nous nous tenons devant Dieu (French) "With God we stand"[1][2] | |
| Anthem: "Yumi, Yumi, Yumi" (Bislama) "We, We, We" | |
| Capital and largest city | Port Vila Coordinates: 17°S 168°E / 17°S 168°E |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (1999) |
|
| Religion (2010)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Ni-Vanuatu and Vanuatuan |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Nikenike Vurobaravu | |
| Ishmael Kalsakau | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Independence | |
• from the United Kingdom and France | 30 July 1980 |
• Admitted to the United Nations | 15 September 1981 |
| Area | |
• Total | 12,189 km2 (4,706 sq mi) (157th) |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 307,815[4] (181st) |
• 2016 census | 272,459[5] |
• Density | 19.7/km2 (51.0/sq mi) (188th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $820 million[6] (178th) |
• Per capita | $2,850[6] (155th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $957 million[6] (175th) |
• Per capita | $3,327[6] (124th) |
| Gini (2010) | 37.6[7] medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 142th |
| Currency | Vatu (VUV) |
| Time zone | UTC+11 (VUT (Vanuatu Time)) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +678 |
| ISO 3166 code | VU |
| Internet TLD | .vu |
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela República Bolivariana de Venezuela (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Dios y Federación ("God and Federation") | |
| Anthem: Gloria al Bravo Pueblo ("Glory to the Brave People") | |
Land controlled by Venezuela shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled land shown in light green. | |
| Capital and largest city | Caracas 10°30′N 66°55′W / 10.500°N 66.917°W |
| Official languages | Spanish[b] |
| Recognized regional languages | |
| Other spoken languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2011)[1] |
|
| Religion (2020)[2] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Venezuelan |
| Government | Federal presidential republic under an authoritarian regime[3][4][5][6] |
| Nicolás Maduro | |
| Delcy Rodríguez | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence from Spain | |
• Declared | 5 July 1811 |
• from Gran Colombia | 13 January 1830 |
• Recognized | 29 March 1845 |
| 20 December 1999[7] | |
| Area | |
• Total | 916,445 km2 (353,841 sq mi) (32nd) |
• Water (%) | 3.2%[d] |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 29,789,730[8] (50th) |
• Density | 33.74/km2 (87.4/sq mi) (144st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2013) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 120th |
| Currency | Venezuelan bolívar (official) United States dollar (unofficial) |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (VET) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +58 |
| ISO 3166 code | VE |
| Internet TLD | .ve |
| |
Socialist Republic of Vietnam Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam (Vietnamese) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc "Independence – Freedom – Happiness" | |
| Anthem: Tiến Quân Ca "Army March" | |
Location of Vietnam (green) in ASEAN (dark grey) | |
| Capital | Hanoi 21°2′N 105°51′E / 21.033°N 105.850°E |
| Largest city | Ho Chi Minh City 10°48′N 106°39′E / 10.800°N 106.650°E |
| Official language | Vietnamese (de facto)[a] |
| Ethnic groups (2019) |
|
| Religion (2019) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Vietnamese |
| Government | Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic |
| Nguyễn Phú Trọng | |
| Võ Văn Thưởng | |
| Phạm Minh Chính | |
| Vương Đình Huệ | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Formation | |
| 939 | |
| 968 | |
| 1428 | |
• Nguyễn's unification | 1802 |
| 25 August 1883 | |
| 2 September 1945 | |
| 21 July 1954 | |
| 30 April 1975 | |
| 2 July 1976 | |
• Đổi Mới | 18 December 1986 |
| 28 November 2013[b] | |
| Area | |
• Total | 331,212 km2 (127,882 sq mi) (66th) |
• Water (%) | 6.38 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 99,460,000[5] (15th) |
• 2019 census | 96,208,984[2] |
• Density | 295.0/km2 (764.0/sq mi) (29th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2018) | medium |
| HDI (2021) | high · 115th |
| Currency | đồng (₫) (VND) |
| Time zone | UTC+07:00 (Vietnam Standard Time) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +84 |
| ISO 3166 code | VN |
| Internet TLD | .vn |
Republic of Yemen | |
|---|---|
| Motto: ٱللَّهُ، ثُمَّ ٱلْوَطَنُ، ٱلثَوْرَةُ، ٱلْوَحْدَةُ Allāh, thumma al-Waṭan, ath-Thawrah, al-Waḥdah "God, then Country, Revolution, Unity" | |
| Anthem: الجمهورية المتحدة al-Jumhūrīyah al-Muttaḥidah "United Republic" | |
| Status | |
| Capital and largest city | Sanaa[n 1] Coordinates: 15°20′54″N 44°12′23″E / 15.34833°N 44.20639°E |
| Capital-in-exile | Aden[n 2] |
| Official languages | Arabic[2] |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion | 99% Islam (official)
1% includes Hindus, Christians and others |
| Demonym(s) | Yemeni Yemenite |
| Government | Unitary provisional republic |
• Chairman | Rashad al-Alimi (disputed)[n 3] |
| Maeen Abdulmalik Saeed (disputed)[n 4] | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Shura Council | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Establishment | |
• Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen establisheda | 30 October 1918 |
• Yemen Arab Republic established | 26 September 1962 |
• South Yemen independenceb | 30 November 1967 |
| 22 May 1990 | |
| 16 May 1991 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 555,000[3] km2 (214,000 sq mi) (49th) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 30,984,689[4] (48th) |
• Density | 44.7/km2 (115.8/sq mi) (160th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | $2,078[5] (213th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | $891[5] (195th) |
| Gini (2014) | 36.7[6] medium |
| HDI (2021) | low · 183th |
| Currency | Yemeni rial (YER) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (AST) |
| Driving side | right[8] |
| Calling code | +967 |
| ISO 3166 code | YE |
| Internet TLD | .ye, اليمن. |
| |
Republic of Zambia | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "One Zambia, One Nation" | |
| Anthem: "Stand and Sing of Zambia, Proud and Free" | |
| Capital and largest city | Lusaka 15°25′S 28°17′E / 15.417°S 28.283°E |
| Official languages | English |
| Recognised regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2010[1]) | List
|
| Religion | Christianity (official) |
| Demonym(s) | Zambian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Hakainde Hichilema | |
| Mutale Nalumango | |
• Speaker | Nelly Mutti |
| Mumba Malila | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| 27 June 1890 | |
| 28 November 1899 | |
| 29 January 1900 | |
| 17 August 1911 | |
| 1 August 1953 | |
| 24 October 1964 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 752,617 km2 (290,587 sq mi)[2] (38th) |
• Water (%) | 1 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 19,610,769[3] (63rd) |
• Density | 26.1/km2 (67.6/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | |
• Per capita | |
| Gini (2015) | 57.1[5] high |
| HDI (2021) | medium · 154th |
| Currency | Zambian kwacha (ZMW) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +260 |
| ISO 3166 code | ZM |
| Internet TLD | .zm |
Republic of Zimbabwe 15 other official names[1]
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motto: "Unity, Freedom, Work"[2] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Anthem: "Blessed be the land of Zimbabwe"[3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Location of Zimbabwe (dark green) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital and largest city | Harare 17°49′45″S 31°03′08″E / 17.82917°S 31.05222°E | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Official languages | 16 languages:[4] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ethnic groups (2012 Census[5]) |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Religion (2017)[6] |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Zimbabwean Zimbo[7] (colloquial) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Emmerson Mnangagwa | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Constantino Chiwenga | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National Assembly | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Declared | 11 November 1965 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Republic | 2 March 1970 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 June 1979 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 18 April 1980 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 15 May 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Total | 390,757 km2 (150,872 sq mi) (60th) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Water (%) | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 2022 estimate | 15,121,004[8] (73rd) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 2022 census | 15,178,979[9] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Density | 39/km2 (101.0/sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Per capita | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Per capita | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gini (2019) | high | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HDI (2021) | medium · 146th | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | Zimbabwean dollar U.S. dollar ($) (USD)[13] South African rand[13] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT[14]) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Driving side | left | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calling code | +263 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | ZW | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Internet TLD | .zw | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||